In this new episode you will learn how to express frequency with some adverbs in Spanish. The frequency words mentioned in the episode are the following ⬇️

Siempre
Casi siempre
Usualmente
A veces
Casi nunca
Nunca

📄 You can find the show notes and transcription of the listening activity on our website.

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE. In this episode we teach how to tell the time in Spanish.

You can find the show notes on our website in the section "Spanish Beginners".

📚 The book recommended in the episode is the following:
https://amzn.to/31KEw0r

▶️ Our YouTube video on numbers in Spanish is the following:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmmVbJWc740

About Latin ELE ⬇️
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In this episode you will learn how to talk about pets in Spanish. You are expected to apply all that you have learnt in previous episodes (descriptions, regular verbs, irregular verbs, reflexive, etc.).

The show notes are available on our website: https://www.latinele.com/

YouTube videos on numbers:
From 0 to 100
https://youtu.be/lmmVbJWc740

From 100 to 1,000
https://youtu.be/RotlMBg_0ZI

El Baile del Perrito (Artista Wilfredo Vargas)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hg5yedLM8UY

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE, podcast created in Latin America.

In this episode, you will learn about reflexive verbs in Spanish. You can find the shownotes of this episode on our website.

Our YouTube video about basic grammar concepts (you can activate English subtitles)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NblZKvVq_2Q

💻 About Latin ELE 👇
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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE, podcast created in Latin America to learn in a fun way.

In this episode you will learn vocabulary related to the end of the year celebrations. The show notes are avaiable on our website.

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Christmas and New Year songs in episo
de (links)
Rodolfo el reno:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zd5y5pO3QwE
Los peces en el río:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zd5y5pO3QwE
Un año más, Tommy Rey
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IMNWl8Av2c

Speaking Spanish for Beginners, podcast created by Latin ELE, Latin American website to learn Spanish.
In this episode, you will learn how to express gratitude in Spanish. Show notes available on our web page.
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Speaking Spanish for Beginners, podcast from Latin ELE. Latin American website to learn Spanish. 
In this episode you will learn about false cognates, AKA "false friends", and we provide some examples of them so can be careful with these words.

The show notes are available on our website in the section "beginners". 

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Latin ELE, Latin American podcast to learn Spanish. This is the season finale... but we'll be back! In this episode you will learn how to talk about the weather in Spanish.

Question and answers about the weather: (hace + noun) 
¿Cómo está el tiempo? A: hace calor (it's hot) / hace frío (it's cold) 

Adjectives: (estar + adjective)
caluroso (hot), soleado (sunny), frío (cold), nublado (cloudy). Ex: Hoy está soleado en mi ciudad (today it's sunny in my city)

Verbs: 
Llover (to rain) / nevar (to snow). Conjugated always in third singular person, as they are impersonal. Ex: llueve en mi ciudad en invierno (it rains in my city in winter)

Talking about temperature and degrees: 
Temperatura alta (high temperature) / temperatura baja (low temperatura). Ex: en verano la temperatura es alta en Santiago. 

For talking about degrees, in Spanish we talk about Celsius degrees (not Farenheit). 86°F = 30° C. Ex: hay 30 grados en mi ciudad. Temperatures below zero, we add "bajo cero" . Ex: It's minus 5°C = hay cinco grados bajo cero.  

Seasons (estaciones del año):
Verano (summer), otoño (fall), invierno (winter), primavera (spring). Ex: En mi ciudad hace calor en verano. 
___
Dialogue:
Jessica: Uff, es un día caluroso en Concepción. ¿Siempre es así?
Marco: No siempre. Hace calor porque es verano, pero en invierno hay temperaturas muy bajas. A veces -5 grados bajo cero. ¿Pasa eso en Medellín?
Jessica: No, en Medellín normalmente hace calor casi todo el año. Es la ciudad de la Eterna Primavera.
Marco: ¿Entonces siempre está soleado?
Jessica: No siempre. A veces está nublado y llueve, pero es una lluvia tropical.
Marco: En Concepción, cuando llueve, hace frío. Por eso me gusta el verano, hace calor y se puede ir a la playa.
____

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE, Latin American podcast to learn Spanish. In this episode you will learn how to describe places.

Important verbs: Ser = for descriptions, used with adjectives / Estar = for locations
Adjectives to describe places
turístico/a, | artístico/a , alegre, tranquilo/a, romántico/a, grande, pequeño/a
Cardinal direction
Norte (north), sur (south), este (east), west / en el centro (in the center) / en las afueras (in the outskirts)

Verb “haber”
It expresses existence, doesn’t change depending on the number of items, so it remains the same for singular and plural:
Ex: hay un mercado (there’s a market) / hay unos mercados (there are some markets)

Some places:
un mercado (a market) , un restaurante (a restaurant), un museo (a museum), un mural (a mural), una estatua (a statue), una tienda (a store), un supermercado (a supermarket), un hospital, una escuela (a school), una universidad (a university).

Some natural places:
un cerro/ una colina (both mean “hill”), un río (a river), un lago (a lake), un bosque (a forest), una playa (a beach)

Transportation
bus, metro (subway), taxi, carro,  trolebus (trolleybus)
Describe what you can/can’t do: verb poder + infinitive
Ex: puedes comprar frutas en el supermercado (you can buy fruits at the supermarket)

Diálogo:
Jessica: Hola Marco, la próxima semana voy a visitar Valparaíso. ¿Cómo es?
Marco: Es una ciudad muy turística. Yo vivía en las afueras de la ciudad. Me gusta mucho porque está en el litoral y puedes ir a la playa.
Jessica: ¿Qué cosas interesantes hay en Valparaíso?
Marco: Muchas cosas. Hay un mercado, donde puedes comprar frutas y verduras. También hay restaurantes de pescados y mariscos. Puedes ir también al museo naval y recorrer los cerros Hay muchos cerros en esta ciudad.
Jessica: Suena interesante.
Marco: Sí, también hay muchos murales. Es una ciudad artística y alegre.
Jessica: ¿Qué transporte hay?
Marco: Hay buses locales, un metro y también trolebuses. No hay muchos lugares que tienen trolebuses en Sudamérica.

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE, Latin American podcast to learn Spanish. 
In this episode, you will learn vocabulary about your home and how to describe it. 

Places to live: 
la casa (house), el departamento (apartment), el estudio (studio apartment)

Adjectives: 
grande (big), pequeño(a) (small), cómodo(a) (comfortable), acogedor(a) (cozy)

Places in your home: 
las habitaciones (rooms), los dormitorios (bedrooms), la sala de estar (living room), el baño (the bathroom), la cocina (the kitchen), el balcón (balcony), el patio, el jardín (garden), las plantas (plants), el garaje (garage).

Some items: 
el refrigerador (refrigerator), la mesa (table), las sillas (chairs), la cama (bed), la alfombra (rug), el microondas (microwave), el sillón (armchair), el televisor (TV), el computador (computer), la cafetera (coffee maker), el hervidor (the kettle). 

Basic sentences and questions: 
Vivo en un departamento, una casa, una mansión, etc. / tengo un refrigerador, un televisor, etc. / ¿Qué cosas tienes en tu hogar? (what things do you have at your place?). 

Dialogue: 
Marco: Hola Jessica, ¿cómo va todo?
Jessica: Marco, todo bien. Gracias. ¿Y tú?
Marco: Bien, un poco cansado.
Jessica: ¿Por qué?
Marco: Las labores del hogar: limpiar, cocinar, hacer la cama… Es mucho trabajo.
Jessica: Sí, a veces es agotador. ¿Vives en una casa o un departamento?
Marco: Vivo en un departamento pequeño, en el centro de la ciudad. Es cómodo. Tiene 2 habitaciones, una sala de estar grande y un balcón. Tengo todo lo básico: un televisor, un refrigerador, un sillón, una mesa y un microondas.
Jessica: ¡Qué bien!
Marco: Y tú, ¿vives en una casa o un departamento?
Jessica: Vivo en una casa grande. Tiene un patio, un jardín con muchas plantas, y también un garaje.
___

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE, Latin American podcast to learn Spanish in a fun way.

To talk about things we like, we use the verb “gustar”. This verb in Spanish places emphasis on the activity or object that is enjoyed (not the person who likes the action).

Let’s have a look at an example to understand this idea. In English the verb “to like” is “egocentric” (it focuses on the subject who performs the action), that is why when you say “I like chocolate” the stress is on “I”. However, Spanish would place emphasis on the object: the “chocolate” becomes the subject in Spanish. And thus we have “me gusta el chocolate” which would literally be “Chocolate is pleasant to me” (or if we want to follow the exact order of Spanish = to me pleasant is chocolate).

“Gustar” with singular noun:
Me, te, le, etc. + gusta + singular noun = me gusta el chocolate

“Gustar” with plural noun:
Me, te, le, etc. + gustan + plural noun = me gustan los deportes

“Gustar” with verb
Me, te, le, etc. + gusta + infinitive verb = me gusta hacer deportes

Questions to ask about hobbies and things people like:
¿Cuáles son tus pasatiempos? = What are some of your hobbies?
¿Qué cosas te gustan? = What things do you like?

Dialogue:
Marco: Jessica, ¿cuáles son tus pasatiempos?
Jessica: Me gusta pintar y jugar con mis gatos. ¡Es muy divertido! Y a ti, ¿qué cosas te gustan?
Marco: Me gustan muchas cosas, me gusta ver películas. También me gustan los deportes, especialmente el fútbol.
Jessica: A mí no, el fútbol es aburrido.
Marco: También me gusta salir a comer. Me gustan mucho los restaurantes de comida peruana.
Jessica: Mmm, a mí también. La comida peruana es deliciosa.
___

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE's Speaking Spanish for Beginners:  Latin American podcast to learn Spanish. 

In this episode you will learn the names of relatives (parientes, not "relativos") in Spanish and also possesive adjectives.

Family Members: padre (father), madre (mother), padres (parents), hijo (son), hija (daughter), hermano (brother), hermana (sister), abuelo (grandfather), abuela (grandmother), tío (uncle), tía (aunt), primos (cousins).
Possesive adjectives: 
My: mi (singular), mis (plural)
Your: tu (singular), tus (plural)
His, Her: su (singular), sus (plural)

Dialogue:
Marco: Jessica, ¿cómo se llaman tus padres?
Jessica: Mi padre se llama Javier y mi madre, Estela.
Marco: ¿Y tus hermanas?
Jessica: Mi hermana del medio se llama Sara y la menor se llama Angélica. Yo soy la mayor.
Marco: ¿Tienes primos?
Jessica: Sí, tengo un primo y una prima. No los veo mucho.
Marco: ¿Y por qué? ¿Son antipáticos?
Jessica: No, simplemente no tenemos una relación cercana.
_____


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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE,  your Latinamerican Spanish podcast for beginners. In this episode we talk about physical descriptions in Spanish.

Question to ask about physical description
¿Cómo es él/ ella (físicamente)?”
General appearance
Bonito(a) = beautiful / atractivo(a) = attractive / lindo(a) = pretty / ni lindo ni feo = literally not pretty nor ugly / feo(a) =ugly, to make sound softer = feito/feita
Height
Tall = alto(a) Ej: “Alfredo es alto”,  "Maria es alta" / Middle sized = de mediana estatura. Ej: Marta es de mediana estatura / Short = bajo(a) Ej: “Mario es bajo, "Pepa es baja"
Color of skin (piel)
blanco(a): white moreno(a): dark-skinned / negro(a): black
Color of hair (pelo)
Negro = black /castaño =brown / rubio = blonde
If you dye your hair, we say in Spanish that person has “pelo teñido”
Ej: Ella tiene el pelo teñido” / Gray hair = canas, Ej: Mi abuela tiene canas
straight hair = pelo liso / curly hair = pelo rizado
Eye color (color de ojos)
Ojos negros = black eyes / Ojos marrones (also cafés) = brown eyes / Ojos Azules = blue eyes / Ojos verdes = green eyes
Body
Delgado(a) = thin / Gordo(a) = fat

Diálogo:
Jessica: Hola Marco, ¿cómo va todo?
Marco: Bien y tú, ¿Qué tal?
Jessica: todo bien, gracias. Acá en Facebook, viendo algunas fotos de mi familia.
Marco: ¿Quién es el hombre alto de la foto?
Jessica: Es mi tío Luis.
Marco: su pelo es negro y liso. Y su piel blanca, se parece a ti.
Jessica: Eso dice todo el mundo.
Marco. ¿Y la mujer rubia?
Jessica: Es mi madre. En realidad, ella tiene canas, pero su pelo está teñido en la foto.
Marco: ¿Y la mujer que tiene el pelo rizado?
Jessica: ¿Cuál? Hay dos
Marco: La mujer baja.
Jessica: Ah, ella es una amiga de la familia. Se llama Loreto.
Marco: ¿Y el hombre moreno que está a su lado?
Jessica: él es su novio, se llama Carlos.
______

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE. Your Latinamerican Spanish podcast for beginners. In this episode you will learn how to describe people's personality.

Contents:  
For describing somebody's personality, we use the verb "ser" + personality adjective.
Adjectives to describe people (most of them with their opposite): 
Simpático(a) = Nice, Pleasant /Antipático(a) = Obnoxious
Agradable = Likeable / Desagradable =Unpleasant
Alegre = Cheerful  / Triste = Sad
Generoso(a) =  Generous  / Tacaño(a)=  Cheap
Extrovertido(a)=  Extrovert / Introvertido(a) = Introvert
Gruñón(a) =  Grumpy
Trabajador = Hardworking) / Perezoso (a) = Lazy
Amigable = Friendly/ Antipatico = Unfriendly
Responsable=Responsible / Irresponsable = Irresponsible
Puntual = Punctual/ Impuntual = unpunctual
Relajado(a) = Easy-going
Serio(a) = Serious
Detallista = Detail-oriented person.
Modesto (a) = Modest / Egocentrico(a) = Egocentric
Cortés = Polite / Descortés = Impolite
Listo(a) = Smart  / Bobo(a) = Silly
Examples on Episode: 
1) Mi amigo Gabriel es responsable, trabajador y muy detallista.
2) Mi amigo Miguel es simpático y extrovertido, pero también es un poco tacaño

If you don't know the person very well, but want to express your impressions, you can use the verb "parecer"
Example: Adam parece antipático, egocéntrico e impuntual

Dialogue:
Marco: Jessica, ¿cómo estás?
Jessica: Bien, ¿y tú?
Marco: Muy bien, gracias. ¿Cómo está tu hermana?
Jessica: Ella está bien.
Marco: ¿Cómo es ella? No la conozco bien.
Jessica: Ella es simpática, extrovertida y alegre.
Marco: esa es mi impresión.
Jessica: ¿y tu hermano? ¿Cómo es él?
Marco: Mi hermano es un bobo. Es perezoso, antipático y descortés. Creo que es la edad, tiene 15 años.
Homework: 
Describe two of your best friends using the vocabulary of this lesson. Post it on our  Facebook Group "Aprende español - Latin ELE" so we can review it and discuss with other members. You can write "tarea 1" + your text.
______

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE's Speaking Spanish for Beginners.

In this episode, we talk about irregular verbs in Spanish. They are called irregular because, unlike regular verbs, they do not follow the same predictable patterns. That's why the change that applies to these verbs must be learnt by frequent exposure to Spanish. That's why practicing very often is key to mastering irregular verbs. 

Another additional difficulty is that one verb might be irregular in one tense, but not necessarily in another one. So keep this in mind as you move forward with Spanish. With time you will develop a "sense" as to when one verb just doesn't sound right. That will come with time. Instead of just memorizing long list of irregular verbs, we would advice you to select a few common ones and create meaning sentences, that way your brain can make clear connections with what is being learnt. 

Examples of some frequent irregular verbs (present tense)
Ser (to be, description): yo soy, tú eres. él/ella/usted es, nosotros somos, ustedes son, ellos son. 
Estar (to be, location): yo estoy, tú estás, él/ella/usted está, nosotros estamos, ustedes están, ellos están. 
Jugar (to play): yo juego, tú juegas, él/ella/usted juega, nosotros jugamos, ustedes juegan, ellos juegan.
Tener (to have): yo tengo, tú tienes, él/ella/usted tiene, nosotros tenemos, ustedes tienen, ellos tienen. 
Dormir (to sleep): yo duermo, tú duermes, él/ella/usted duerme, nosotros dormimos, ustedes duermen, ellos duermen. 
_____

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In this episode, you will learn about regular verbs in the present tense. This is important to describe daily activities and engage in your first interactions with native Spanish speakers. 

In Spanish, there are three endings for verbs: -ar (i.e.:"trabajar), -er (i.e.: "comer"), and -ir (i.e.: "vivir")

When you conjugate any regular verbs, you remove the ending -ar, -er, ir and add the conjugation that matches the subject. Here is how regular verbs are conjugated in the present tense. 

Verb conjugation (ar, er, ir)
Trabajar : yo trabajo (I work), tú trabajas (you work, informal), él trabaja (he works), ella trabaja (she works), usted trabaja (you work, formal), nosotros trabajamos (we work, for group of only men, or men and women mixed), nosotras trabajamos (only when in "we" there are only women), ustedes trabajan (you work, plural form), ellos trabajan (they work, only men or group of men and women mixed), ellas trabajan (when in "they" there are only women).

So as you can see él/ella/usted have the same conjugation. The same is true for nosotros/nosotras and ellos/ellas. Keep this in mind as this happens with these pronouns in any tense.
Aprender: yo aprendo, tú aprendes, él/ella/usted aprende, nosotros(as) aprendemos, ustedes aprenden, ellos(as) aprenden.
Vivir: yo vivo, tú vives, él/ella/usted vive, nosotros(as) vivimos, ustedes viven, ellos(as) viven. 
Verbs used in the practice section (section with the bell, at the end): estudiar, comer, recibir. 
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In this episode, we wanted to make something different. We will give you a surprise test!
This is good to check if you can already answer basic questions in Spanish. Don't get nervous! You will do great if you have listened to our five previous episodes. 

Answer the questions orally, even if the person next to you think you are crazy. Talking to oneself is a good practice too to improve your Spanish and boost your confidence.  

And if you would like us to review your anwers and see if they are right, you can send a message on our social media. 

You can also request information about one-on-one online lessons (via Skype, Google Hangouts, Zoom, etc) at latinele@latinele.com  
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In this episode, you will learn how to talk about occupations in Spanish.

Questions to ask about occupations:
¿Cuál es tu ocupación?
¿A qué te dedicas?
¿Qué haces? 

How to reply to this question:
Verb ser + ocupation. Ex: Soy doctor. No need to add article “a” (un, una in Spanish) like in English, we don’t say soy un doctor. Another important verb is “trabajar” (to work). Here is the conjugation:
Yo trabajo
Tú trabajas
Él trabaja
Ella trabaja

If you want to ask “where do you work?” You ask “¿dónde trabajas?”. In this question, the pronoun “tú” is implicit by  the conjugation of the verb "trabajar". Spanish speakers recognize the subject of a sentence from the conjugation of the verb. That’s why they don’t always mention the subject explicitly.

To reply to that question, you can say “yo trabajo + en + name of company/institution”

Occupations:
Pianista (both male and female). Trabaja en conciertos
Escritor(a). Trabaja en su cuarto
Doctor(a). Trabaja en el hospital.
Actor – actriz. Trabaja en el teatro.
Abogado(a). Trabaja en la corte
Profesor(a). Trabaja en la escuela, instituto, universidad.

Diálogo
Marco: Jessica, ¿a qué te dedicas? ¿Cuál es tu ocupación?
Jessica: yo soy doctora, ¿y tú?
Marco: soy profesor de español.
Jessica: ¿dónde trabajas?
Marco: trabajo en un instituto cerca de mi casa, ¿y tú?
Jessica: trabajo en un hospital.
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Hablar de la edad / Talking about age
In Spanish we use the verb "tener" to talk about age.
Conjugation: yo tengo / tú tienes / él - ella tiene
If  you want to say, "I'm 32 years old" you have to say "yo tengo 32 años"
The question for asking about somebody's age is the following : ¿Cuántos años tienes (tú)? (How old are you?).  Another variation of this question is "¿Qué edad tienes (tú)?" 

Diálogo:
Marco: Jessica, ¿cuántos años tienes?
Jessica: tengo 29 años, ¿y tú, Marco? ¿Qué edad tienes?
Marco: tengo 28 años. ¿y tú hermana? ¿Cuántos años tiene tu hermana?
Jessica: mi hermana tiene 20. Ella es más joven. ¿y tu amigo, José? ¿Cuántos años tiene tu amigo?
Marco: Mi amigo tiene 40 años. El es un poco más viejo.
______________

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In this episode, you will learn how to talk about where you are from and where you live

Verb "ser" = "to be"
It is used to talk about nationality or city of origin of somebody/something
Conjugation of “ser” = yo soy (I am), tú eres (you are, informal), usted es (you are, formal), él es (he is), ella es (she is).

You can use the nationality after “ser”. Ex: yo soy chileno. You can also mention the country, for that you need to add “from”, which is “de”. Ej: yo soy de Chile.
Question “Where are you from?” = “¿De dónde eres (tú)?”

Verb “vivir” = "to live"
Conjugation of vivir = yo vivo (I live), tú vives (you live, informal), usted vive (you live, formal), él vive (he lives), ella vive (she lives).
We add “en” after vivir to mention the country or city. Ej: yo vivo en Concepción.
Question “Where do you live?” = ¿Dónde vives?

Algunos Países y nacionalidades
Estados Unidos = adj. Estadounidense (for man/woman)
Canadá = adj. Canadiense (for man/woman)
Reino Unido = adj. Británico/a (changes depending on gender)
Australia = adj. Australiano/a (changes depending on gender)

Diálogo:
Marco: ¡Hola! ¿Qué tal? ¿Cómo te llamas?
Jessica: me llamo Jessica, ¿y tú?
Marco: me llamo Marco, ¿de dónde eres?
Jessica: soy de Medellín, Colombia.
Marco: yo soy de Santiago, Chile. pero vivo en Concepción. ¿Dónde vives tú?
Jessica: vivo en Concepción.
________________

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Feliz navidad y próspero Año Nuevo. We hope you have a great time with your loved ones (seres queridos). This short message is just to say ¡Muchas gracias!
Some news: 

We will be back in the fist half of January. We are now going to enjoy the local celebrations in Chile!
If you are an intermediate student, you can suscribe to our show called Latin ELE aprende español. Check it out!  


And remember the "password" to participate to win 2 free lessons of Spanish as a gift from us. I gave the instructions on this special episode.
 
Take care! Nos vemos pronto

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In this episode, we will look at how to introduce yourself in a formal way and also basic interaction in a formal setting. For this, keep in mind the formal greetings explained on episode one. We also explain the use of "usted", which means singular "you" in a formal context. 

Additionally, we study how to say  "pleased to meet you" , which is simply "encantado" (you say this if you are a man) or "encantada" (you say this if you are a woman) 

Diálogo:
Ana: buenas tardes.
Roberto: buenas tardes.
Ana: me presento, soy Ana Jimenez. La madre de Sofía
Roberto: encantado. Yo soy Roberto Ortega, el director de la escuela
Ana. ¿cómo está usted?
Roberto: bien, muchas gracias. ¿y usted?
Ana: muy bien. Gracias.
________________

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In this episode, we will teach you how to introduce yourself and have your first basic interactions.

Diálogo: 
Marco: hola, me llamo Marco, ¿y tú?
Jessica: hola Marco, mucho gusto. Me llamo Jessica.
Marco: el gusto es mío, ¿cómo estás?
Jessica: muy bien, ¿y tú?
Marco: más o menos, un poco cansado.
__________

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Learn Spanish with Latin ELE.
In this episode, you will learn how to greet and say goodbye in Spanish in both formal and informal ways.

Greetings: 
Informal: Hola, ¿qué tal? / Hola, ¿cómo estás?
Formal: Buenos días, buenas tardes, buenas noches. 

Farewells: 
Adiós, chao (informal), nos vemos, hasta pronto, hasta luego, hasta mañana, buenas noches. 
_______

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Listen to Speaking Spanish for Beginners from Latin ELE. Available on all major listening apps.

Have a great day! Nos vemos pronto

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