Interlude: Warlords and Adventurers. In the second millennium BCE, a new power rose to the north of Egypt. The Kingdom of Hatti (aka the land of the Hittites) emerged as a significant political, economic, and military force. In this episode, we introduce the Hittite state and its early deeds before the reign of Tut'ankhamun. Date c.1790 – 1350 BCE. Music by Michael Levy. Music by Keith Zizza. Episode logo adapted from a photo by Carole Raddato via Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 2.0. Image cropped/enhanced. Check out the new Hittite series on The Ancient World Pocast.

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A remarkable discovery. In April 2021, Egyptologists working in Luxor announced a major discovery. A new “lost” city, associated with Amunhotep III (and probably Akhenaten as well). In this brief roundup, we discuss the details, the context, and the significance of the find. Date c.1350 BCE and 2021 CE. Links to photos and videos at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Music by Keith Zizza. Music by Ancient Lyric.

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Egypt on the offensive. King Tutankhamun's government had to deal with major threats in the north. Instability and regional warfare had spread through Syria and Canaan. To tackle these, pharaoh despatched his most prominent general. Horemheb, representative of the King, led the soldiers of Egypt into battle... Date c.1340 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at Patreont, Music by Keith Zizza, Music by Ancient Lyric, Music by Jeffrey Goodman. Hear the trumpets of Tutankhamun on BBC Radio. The History of Egypt Podcast is supported by RA EGYPTIAN, the natural skincare line with products derived from ancient Egypt. Visit www.ra-egyptian.com and use the checkout code EGYPT to receive a massive 30% discount on your order.

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Splendour and Ceremony. On April 3rd, 2021, Egypt hosted a magnificent celebration. Royal mummies, including Kings and Queens, departed their old home and made for a new one. In future, these rulers will reside in the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization. Moving the royal mummies was a complex, grandiose event. I report on the parade, and the historical background of these famous mummies… Recordings of the parade on YouTube; musical performance by Amira Salim and Ahmed Mounib; Cairo residents cheer the parade, by Rania Atef on Twitter; details of the performance by Heba Abd el Gawad on Twitter; Photos at Ahram. Further details, links, images, and references at The History of Egypt Podcast website.

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A complicated career. In the reigns of Akhenaten and Tut'ankhamun, one of Egypt's top religious officials was Mery-Neith ("Beloved of Neith"). This man served in the temples, first as a Steward, then as the High Priest of Aten in Amarna. Along the way, Meryneith had to navigate the difficult political waters. To survive in Akhenaten's court, he even had to change his name... Date c.1360 – 1340 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Music by Keith Zizza. Music by Ancient Lyric. Support the show and get exclusive perks on Patreon. See other shows from the Agora Podcast Network. The History of Egypt Podcast endorses RA EGYPTIAN, the clean, natural skincare line with products derived from ancient Egyptian sources. Use the checkout code EGYPT to enjoy 30% off your order!

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I'm bringing ma'at back. One of Tutankhamun's famous projects is the Restoration, a country-wide program of repairs and gifts for major temples. After the excesses of Akhenaten, the boy king and his government invested massive amounts of resources. Their goal? Renew the temples, replenish the priesthood, and curry favour with both the gods and the elites of Egyptian society... Date c.1341 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. The History of Egypt Podcast is supported by RA EGYPTIAN, the natural skincare line with products derived from ancient Egypt. Visit www.ra-egyptian.com and use the checkout code EGYPT to receive a massive 30% discount on your order.

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You know his name. Early in his reign, the young pharaoh Tut-ankh-Aten changed his name to Tut-ankh-Amun. Why did he do this? What did it mean? And how much control did this young ruler have over his own identity? Date c.1343 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Music by Keith Zizza, Music by Ancient Lyric, Music by Jeffrey Goodman, Audio mixing/editing by Vincent Cavanagh. See other shows from the Agora Podcast Network. The History of Egypt Podcast endorses RA EGYPTIAN, the clean, natural skincare line with products derived from ancient Egyptian sources. Use the checkout code EGYPT to enjoy 30% off your order!

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A famous reign. Following the death of Nefer-neferu-aten, a new ruler came to the throne. Tut-ankh-Aten was young, perhaps nine years old. He inherited power at a tumultuous point in history... Date c. 1343 BCE. Images and References at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show and get exclusive perks on Patreon or make a Paypal Donation. Music by Keith Zizza. Additional music by Jeffrey Goodman. Audio mixing/editing by Vincent Cavanagh. Written by Dominic Perry. The History of Egypt Podcast endorses RA EGYPTIAN, the clean, natural skincare line with products derived from ancient Egyptian sources. Use the checkout code EGYPT to enjoy 30% off your order!

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In January 2022, I would like to take another tour to Egypt. Assuming travel is safe and secure, we have a 14-day itinerary for travel along the Nile. We will visit Cairo, Luxor, Abydos, Aswan, Abu Simbel, and many monuments that are off the beaten track. There are special tombs, not open to the general public, and much more. You can reserve your place now (pay later) at Ancient World Tours. Numbers are limited, so don't wait! www.ancient.co.uk/holiday/the-history-of-egypt/, additional info at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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What does a mummy smell like? Prof. Ann Rosalie David is a pioneering researcher in mummies and ancient pathology. Having led many studies on Egyptian bodies, Prof. David helps reconstruct the lifestyles of the past. In this interview, she helpfully answers questions about ancient diseases, the Amarna royal mummies, and some left-field topics as well. Learn more about Ann Rosalie David and her work at Manchester University. Purchase "A Year in the Life of Ancient Egypt," by Rosalie David at Pen & Sword Publishing (Kindle, Hardcover, and ePub). Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com, Sound effects by Keith Zizza keithzizza.com and Hathor Systrum. Images and references at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast.

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Powerful, but vanished. Following the death of Akhenaten, several prominent women disappear from history. Meritaten, the King’s Eldest Daughter; Kiya, one of his wives; and two mysterious daughters, the “Tasherits” present unresolved questions. What happened to them? We explore this question… Date c.1343 BCEwww.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Crime Scene Investigation. In the early 1500s BCE, the King of Southern Egypt, Seqen-en-re Ta’a died. His end was violent and bloody. The king was a victim of (unknown) enemies, who tied him up and executed him. The full circumstances of this event are coming to light with new research. Today, we dig into recent studies on the event and its larger context… Read the new study of Seqenenre's mummy at https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmed.2021.637527. References and further reading at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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A Hidden Monument? In recent years, the public has thrilled to reports that hidden chambers, in the tomb of Tutankhamun, might contain the burial of Nefertiti. But the question of Nefertiti's tomb is complicated. In fact, it's possible she never even received a kingly/royal burial. In this episode, we explore the results of many studies... www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com, Audio mixing/editing by Vincent Cavanagh

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A Short-Lived Reign. By 1344 BCE, Nefer-neferu-Aten (Nefertiti) was in her mid-thirties. She did not have long to live. In her third regnal year, the King of Egypt died. Her death is mysterious: was it natural, an accident, or murder? Studying Nefertiti's last years, and the mummy that might belong to her, we go in search of answers. How did Nefertiti die? www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com, Music by Jeffrey Goodman www.jeffreygoodmanmusic.com

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Nefertiti, King of Egypt. Following the death of Akhenaten, Queen Nefertiti may have become a King. Modern research suggests that, following her husband's death, Nefertiti became the new pharaoh. Her reign, and policies, are a shadowy but fascinating chapter in the royal history... www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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The final chapters. The last years of Akhenaten's reign (12 to 17) are a litany of difficulties and losses. The King's household suffered challenges, and he responded with extreme policies. Before we leave the King for good, we summarise what had happened, and what it all means... www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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The Ministry of Antiquities has announced a major discovery in the necropolis of Saqqara. A funerary temple, dating to the Old Kingdom (Dynasty 6) has come to light. Also, the Egyptian excavators have opened more than fifty burial shafts of the New Kingdom (Dynasties 18 and 19). The discovery is massive, and promises to add a lot to our understanding of life, burial, and religion in the ancient necropolis. Discovery announced January 16th, 2021. Music by Bettina Joy de Guzman. See photos and read the press releases at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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A Call for Help. Since 2014, the Dakhleh Oasis Project has been dealing with restrictions on its excavations in Egypt's western desert. Due to security concerns, traditional funding has dried up, and the Project directors have turned to crowd funding for assistance. If you can spare a dollar, please listen to this audio introduction from Dominic and Dr. Pawel Polkowski, a director working for the project. You can learn more at the websites below, and you can support the DOP via Go Get Funding at https://gogetfunding.com/island-of-the-blessed-the-dakhleh-oasis-project/. Learn about the Project on their website http://dakhlehoasisproject.com/ and on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/egyptdop. Thank you for your time, and please consider supporting a worthy cause. Even one dollar, from enough people, can make a big difference. Music by Ancient Lyric at www.bettinajoydeguzman.com and Keith Zizza at www.keithzizza.com.

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In the city of Akhet-Aten (Amarna) a small tomb hides a noteworthy story. Here, we find the life and work of a police officer. Mahu, Chief of the Medjay in Akhet-Aten, managed the guards who patrolled the Horizon of Aten. Mahu, and his troops, were responsible for guarding the outposts and apprehending fugitives. Possibly, they were also involved in criminal punishments. Some of those practices were quite cruel… Date c. 1357-1343 BCE, Images and references at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Bettina Joy de Guzman www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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Meet Elissa Day, a graduate student at the University of Cambridge, and my new Research Assistant! Follow Elissa on twitter.com @emtd98

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Fatma Keshk is an Egyptologist, archaeologist and researcher in Egyptian heritage. She leads the outreach project "The Place and the People," working to strengthen ties between archaeologists and local Egyptian communities. It is my pleasure to welcome Fatma to the History of Egypt Podcast; I hope you enjoy the conversation. Images and references at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Fatma Keshk at the Free University of Berlin https://exoriente.academia.edu/FatmaKeshk,The Place and the People online www.facebook.com/The-Place-and-the-People-2315808581791112, The Tale of Shutb (children's story in English) https://projects.britishmuseum.org/

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Aaron de Souza is an archaeologist specializing in the material culture of Egypt and Nubia. He earned his PhD at Macquarie University, Sydney, in 2016, and is now a Marie Sklodowska Curie Fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences, in Vienna. In the field, Aaron works with ceramics and material culture, particularly in cemetery contexts. He has published several articles and a book, titled New Horizons: The Pan-Grave Ceramic Tradition in Context. Aaron is an insightful researcher, part of the new generation of scholars that are examining (and re-examining) historical material in new ways. Learn more about Dr. Aaron de Souza online at Academia https://oeaw.academia.edu/AarondeSouza, the In Between Nubia website https://inbetweennubia.com/author/amdesouza/, and on Twitter https://twitter.com/aaronmdesouza. Shop History of Egypt merchandise at www.teepublic.com, Images and references at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Bettina Joy de Guzman www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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Heba Abd el Gawad is an exhibition curator, public outreach specialist and researcher in Egyptian heritage within museum contexts. She is the postdoctoral researcher for the project ‘Egypt’s Dispersed Heritage: Views from Egypt’ at the Institute of Archaeology, University College of London, in addition to many other important works. Heba joins the History of Egypt Podcast to discuss public outreach, museum communication and accessibility, and the cultural heritage of Egypt and its people. For more information about the projects discussed in this interview, see the following links: Egypt's Dispersed Heritage project on Twitter www.twitter.com/excavatedegypt and Facebook www.facebook.com/EgyptsDispersedHeritage, the Manchester Museum Podcast "Who Owns Egyptian heritage?" Manchester Museum https://www.mmfromhome.com/podcast/episode/39f9e1a5/who-owns-egyptian-heritage-with-heba-abd-el-gawad, Arabic Digital Comics during COVID 19  www.al-fanarmedia.org/2020/08/arabic-comics-reach-a-wider-audience-through-digital-projects/, and "Fayoum Human Remains Your mummies, Their Ancestors," a webinar on the ethics of displaying and researching human remains in partnership with Egypt Exploration Society and Everyday Orientalist www.youtube.com/watch?v=nC51hWto1J8&t=4603s. Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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An unofficial history, Part 1. In distant ages, and forgotten realms, a mighty civilization once flourished on the banks of a great river. The people of Nehekhara and their great kings are now a memory… but they are not dead. Not quite. Today, we dive into the lore of a fantasy civilization, inspired by ancient Egypt… Date c.2,500 Before the Imperial Calendar (I.C.) Music by TableTop Audio www.tabletopaudio.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music from Pond5 www.pond5.com, All images copyright Games Workshop, additional images at Art Station (search: Tomb Kings). CHAPTER TIME CODES = Chapter 1 Nehekhara 06:00... Chapter 2 Settra Prince of Khemri 18:10... Chapter 3 Settra the Imperishable 29:50... Chapter 4 The Time of Kings, the Rise of Nagash 48:06... Chapter 5 The Tyranny of Nagash 56:44... Chapter 6 The Creation of the Tomb Kings 1:08:34... Chapter 7 Ancient Egypt Inspirations 1:25:16... Epilogues 1:40:34

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Some good news and some bad news. Before we start the next chapter of Egyptian history, I need to take a break. Fortunately, I also have some help on the next step. In this update, I explain my situation at the end of 2020 and what the future holds for the podcast... Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Legacy and Summary. Today, we look back at Akhenaten's reign, and I ramble for a while about his importance in history, both ancient and modern... Date c. 1346 BCE and 20th Century CE, Images and references at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com

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Side-episode. Today we discuss some "extra" items from Akhenaten's tomb. Also, we return to KV55, that elusive monument in the Valley of the Kings, to see some reasons why it *might* be Akhenaten.

Date c.1346 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com

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A controversy comes to its end. King Akhenaten died in his 17th year on the throne. Surprisingly, we know a lot about his passing and his burial. From the date of his death, to his sarcophagus, shabti figurines and his innovative tomb, we can get a sense of how this controversial ruler finally met his end... Date c.1346 BCE, Images and references at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the show and get exclusive perks at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com

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Erasing a God. Sometime in his reign, Akhenaten initiated a project that has made him infamous. The King’s agents, sculptors and masons travelled throughout the country, visiting major temples and shrines. Their job? Hack away the name and figure of Amun, King of the Gods, wherever they found it. This project is the most controversial of Akhenaten’s reign.Today, we dig into what happened, and why the King did it... Chapter 2 begins at 24:30, Date c.1347 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric bettinajoydeguzman.com, The History of Egypt Podcast is a member of the Agora Podcast Network www.agorapodcastnetwork.com

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Full version of the interview with Prof. Kara Cooney, for those who want it. Time codes for discussion... Intro 03:25... Funerary Culture 11:11... Craftworking 25:56... Hatshepsut's Legacy 38:19... Royal Authority 56:09... Hatshepsut's Mummy 1:07:24... Egyptological Science, Media, and Prof. Cooney's career 1:15:38. Learn more about Prof. Kara Cooney and read her published material at http://karacooney.squarespace.com/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/karacooneyegyptologist/ Visit The History of Egypt Podcast website https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/, Intro music and interludes by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Outro music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com

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Interview with Kara Cooney, Part 3: The Science of Egyptology, Research in the Public Arena, and future works. Kathlyn (Kara) Cooney is professor of Egyptian Art and Architecture at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). In this interview, we discuss her work for TV documentaries and popular publishing. We also dive into the science of Egyptology, how it gets reported in media, and recent developments. Finally, we discuss Kara's current and future projects, and what we can look forward to on the horizon... Kara Cooney's website http://karacooney.squarespace.com/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/karacooneyegyptologist/ The History of Egypt Podcast website https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/. Intro music and interludes by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Outro music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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Interview with Kara Cooney, Part 2: The Impact of Hatshepsut's Reign on the Royal House of Dynasty 18. Kara (Kathlyn) Cooney is professor of Egyptian Art and Architecture at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). In this interview, we discuss her book The Woman Who Would be King, and her research into the reign and legacy of King Hatshepsut. Episode image: a statue of Hatshepsut, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Kara Cooney's website http://karacooney.squarespace.com/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/karacooneyegyptologist/ The History of Egypt Podcast website https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/. Intro music and interludes by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Outro music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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Kara Cooney, Part 1: Funerary Culture and Royal Power. Kathlyn (Kara) Cooney is professor of Egyptian Art and Architecture at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). In this interview, we discuss her research in funerary culture and the cost of burial for non-royal Egyptians during the New Kingdom. Episode logo image: the coffin of Sennedjem, showing (top) high-quality carved glyphs and (bottom) rough, "inexpert/apprentice" glyphs. Kara Cooney's website http://karacooney.squarespace.com/ and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/karacooneyegyptologist/ History of Egypt Podcast website https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/. Intro music and interludes by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Outro music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com.

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Interview episode. Chris Naunton is the former head of the Egypt Exploration Society and the elected President International Association of Egyptologists (2016-2019). With decades of experience, he is an enthusiastic and engaging scholar, with a particular talent for outreach and communication. Dr. Naunton sat down to discuss the city of Amarna, its exploration, and the evidence that helps us connect with its ancient, famous people. Dr. Naunton's website and books https://chrisnaunton.com. Youtube seminars: "The People of Amarna" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1A6f5yk1QdM,"A History of the Egypt Exploration Society" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AgqomUA-BQ, and The Lost Tombs of Egypt" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-ogtWxeV9A. Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com Follow the podcast at https://www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/all-episodes/

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The Nefertiti bust. How it was made, how it was discovered, and how it wound up in a museum far from its home. Date c.1347 BCE and 1912 CE https://www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/all-episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, additional music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

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The Queen becomes King. Throughout Akhenaten’s reign, the Great King’s Wife Neferet-Iti (Nefertiti) grew more and more prominent. By regnal year 16 (1437 BCE), she seemed to be an equal to her husband. Eventually, the Queen may have transitioned to a new role, and become a co-regent alongside Akhenaten. In this episode, we explore the evidence for Nefertiti as a King… CHAPTER TWO TIME CODE 22:38 Date c. 1347 BCE https://www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/all-episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com

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A Short-Lived Ruler. In 1349 BCE, Egypt had two kings. But not for long. The young ruler, Smenkhkare, was destined to die early. In this episode, we explore the strange case of Akhenaten's co-king... Date c.1349 BCE https://www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/all-episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Child labour, plague, and dark deeds at Amarna. By regnal year 14 (c.1349 BCE) Akhenaten's capital city had grown to almost thirty thousand people. This massive growth carried a price, one that archaeologists are finding in the city's vast cemeteries... Date c.1349 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com Support the show for early access, ad-free episodes, and much more at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Royal Tombs, Amarna, Egyptology. Prof. Aidan Dodson has been in the game many years, and has published widely on a variety of topics. From his best-selling Amarna Sunset, Amarna Sunrise and The Royal Tombs of Ancient Egypt, Prof. Dodson is familiar to many who are interested in ancient Egypt. In this interview, he sat down to discuss the Amarna Period, royal tombs, and the science of history in Egyptology. A fascinating conversation, which I'm excited to share! Date c.1350 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com Find more of Prof. Dodson's work and purchase his book The Royal Tombs of Ancient Egypt at Pen & Sword Publishing https://www.pen-and-sword.co.uk/Aidan-Dodson/a/2681

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The Mysterious Mummy. In this episode, we visit the historical crime scene known as Valley of the Kings tomb number 55. KV55 is easily the most analysed, debated, and confounding find in all of Egyptology... Date: c.1350 BCE and 1907 CE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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Two Funerals and a Wedding, Part 2. In 1350 BCE the royal house of Egypt was in crisis. The princess Meket-Aten, just eight years old, was the second prominent person to die in a short span of time. Soon after, Akhenaten seems to have appointed a new co-ruler. His name was Smenkh-ka-Re. Date c.1350 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, get early releases and ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com

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Two Funerals and a Wedding, Part 1. Around year 12 of Akhenaten, the Queen Mother Tiye died. She journeyed to the West at the age of 60, having been a powerful influence for more than fifty years. Tiye is a monumental figure, literally, in the history of ancient Egypt. In this episode, we do her honour, and explore her legacy following her death. Date c.1351 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com

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A guided tour. In this episode we explore two monuments belonging to an ancient princess, and see the luxury in which a pharaoh's daughter lived... Date c.1451 BCE (reign of Akhenaten) www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, support the show and get ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com. Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast.

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A Princess of Egypt. By 1351 BCE, princess Meritaten was approximately ten years old. The pharaoh's eldest daughter was front and centre of propaganda. But what was her life like? Today, we explore the life of an Egyptian princess... Date c. 1451 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, support the show and get ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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Diplomacy, Betrayal, Murder. Around 1350 BCE, the sons of Abdi-Ashirta inherited his power and began to pursue further conquests. Along the way, they committed several heinous crimes... Date c.1355-1350 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com I will be presenting at the Intelligent Speech Conference on June 27, 2020! Get early bird tickets for just $10 USD at www.intelligentspeechconference.com/shop/, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, music by music by Derek and Brandon Fiechter https://dbfiechter.bandcamp.com/, support the show and get ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Abdi-Ashirta and the Rise of Amurru. In the later years of Amunhotep III (father of Akhenaten) and the early years of Akhenaten himself, events in the north began to trouble the royal court. The Egyptian empire, long established in Canaan and Syria, was under threat. Great powers were rising, and regional vassals were starting to fight amongst themselves. Into this milieu, a man named Abdi-Ashirta began to make waves... Episode date c.1365-1360 BCE. Music by Derek and Brandon Fiechter. Intro music by Keith Zizza. Support the show and get ad-free, extended episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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A Man Living Alone. In the midst of Akhenaten's whirlwind reforms, and his radical decisions, it's easy to forget the impact this probably had on ordinary people. How did the folks who followed Akhenaten adjust to life in a completely new city? A few letters and texts, excavated in the old capital, give us a glimpse... Episode details at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show and get episodes early + ad-free at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Beer, Bread and Pharaoh's Power. My guest today is Dr. Leslie Anne Warden, Associate Professor of art history and archaeology at Roanoke College in Virginia, USA. An insightful scholar, Prof. Warden is here to share her investigations into the world of ancient economics, particularly how beer and bread can reveal the inner-workings of Egyptian society. From ceramics to experiments in brewing, Prof. Warden provides a detailed and thoughtful view on the world of the Nile Valley. Look: Pottery and Economy in Old Kingdom Egypt, 2013; University profile, Academia.edu. Podcast website www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show and get ad-free, early releases at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Two Kiwis Nerding Out. My guest today is Dr. Elizabeth Frood, Associate Professor of Egyptology and Director of the Griffith Institute at the University of Oxford, UK. In a lively discussion, Prof. Frood shares her insights into ancient lives and how people living in the non-royal sphere approached their immortality. Statues, texts and graffiti show us the minds of these people and how they depicted their concerns, beliefs and ideas. It's a great conversation and I think you'll really enjoy it! Book, Biographical Texts from Ramessid Egypt, 2007. Background: Oxford academic page and research info at Academia.edu. Story: Egypt, fieldwork and physical disabilities; BBC - the infection which took my nose and legs; Facebook - the Egyptologist who almost lost everything.

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Interlude: More Story So Far...

We've covered a lot since Akhenaten abandoned the traditional capitals and moved to his new home of Akhet-Aten. Now, the second phase of pharaoh's rule lasted between regnal years 6 and 12 (c.1357-1351 BCE). In this time, the King completed many of the goals he initiated back in phase 1. Then, he began to build on those, further refining his ideas and moving forward into new territory...

Date: c.1357 to 1351 BCE (regnal year 6 to 12)

King: Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re)

Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten)

Location: Amarna (Akhet-Aten)

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Learn More about the Podcast at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Akhenaten (Part 11): Foreigners Submit. By 1351 BCE, Akhenaten had achieved many of his early goals. His city, Akhet-Aten, was established, his religious ideas were reaching maturity, and the King could begin to express his vision of Aten in a new way. Finally, pharaoh could celebrate his mastery over foreign populations. Thus, in 1351 BCE, Egypt played host to a grand celebration of tribute… Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Podcast and get AD-FREE, early release episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com and Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

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Akhenaten (Part 10): Queen Tiye's Retirement. For the first decade of Akhenaten's rule, his mother Tiye was a background figure. But we have more evidence for her later years than you'd expect, including magnificent art and objects. Plus, the Queen herself returned to public life when she made a splendid visit to pharaoh's new city... Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Podcast and get AD-FREE, early release episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Ancient Fairytales (Part 2). Sometime in the 18th Dynasty, perhaps around the time of Akhenaten, a fairy-tale became popular in Egypt. The story spoke of a prince, forced to flee his home after a prophecy foretold that he would die from one of three fates - a dog, a snake, or a crocodile. Leaving Egypt, the prince went on many adventures - some quite familiar from our own fairy tales. Inevitably, though, the young man had to face his destiny, and confront the three fates which came for him... Support the show and get AD-FREE early access at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast... Episode bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com... Thanks for listening!

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Ancient Fairytales (Part 1). In the late 18th or early 19th Dynasties, a story developed in Egypt. It told of two siblings, Anubis and Bata, who contended with injustice and misfortune. Facing treachery, divine intervention and even the pharaoh himself, the two brothers overcame obstacles and sought to restore justice, against those who did them wrong. In this fairytale, we see how two (divine) beings contended with falsehood. Support the Podcast and get AD-FREE EARLY ACCESS at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast... Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com,

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Akhenaten (Part 9): A Royal Son. By 1352 BCE, Akhenaten and his family were well ensconced in the palaces of Amarna. The pharaoh could enjoy the company of his Great Wife, Nefertiti, and his three elder daughters. He could also enjoy the pleasures afforded by his second wife and look forward to the eventual birth of his son, a prince who would become one of the most famous names in Egyptian history... Date c.1352 BCE https://www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/all-episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Priests and Provisions for Akhet-Aten. Around 1354 BCE (regnal year 8), Akhenaten took care to organise his new royal city. Among other things he expanded the agricultural domain which would serve Aten (the sun god), and he also appointed new priests and administrators to manage his temples. As the first decade of his rule came towards its end, Akhenaten's vision was finally starting to become reality... Date c.1354 BCE https://www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/all-episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Amarna (Part 5): Great Temples.

When he established his new residence-city, Akhenaten made special provision for his god’s house. Two great temples, dedicated to the solar disc, rose on the east bank of the Nile River. Searching the archaeological remains, and scouring the artistic record of these temples, we can get a sense of how Akhenaten worshipped his god; and some of the symbols and meanings he used to express it...

Date: c.1357 BCE. King Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re). Queen Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten)...

Images/resources for this episode at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com...

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Interlude: An Interview with Akhnaten

In 1983, Philip Glass debuted his opera Akhnaten, a bold musical exploration of the pharaoh, his reign and his legacy. Now, Akhnaten returns in a new run. Akhnaten by The Metropolitan Opera, in New York, is running from November 8th to December 7th, 2019 and will be broadcast worldwide in cinemas; find tickets here

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Precursors to Atenism.

The god Aten has a long history; and in the 18th Dynasty, many Egyptians were praising the sun god in a variety of forms (Ra, Atum, Horakhty, Aten, Khepri etc). Akhenaten's reforms were radical, but they have some obvious roots. Looking at several religious texts, side by side, we can see how the sun god became a major, universal deity at this time... (Date = 1400-1360 BCE; King = Akhenaten; Queen = Nefertiti; Location = Thebes and Amarna. Website at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Sistrum by Hathor Systrum https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7pYdPOS4yw).

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Akhenaten (Part 7): The Great Hymn to Aten.

In 1356 BCE, Egypt sweltered under the heat of Aten's rays; the god's servant, King Akhenaten, glorified the deity above all. We see this in some remarkable prayers and hymns which survive in the hidden tombs of Akhenaten's city. In these sepulchres, we find glimpses of the King's beliefs and how he expressed them... (Date = c.1356 BCE, King = Akhenaten, Queen = Nefertiti, Location = Akhet-Aten / Amarna) Learn more and view images/resources for this episode at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com,

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Interlude: The Story So Far...

We've covered a lot since Amunhotep IV / Akhenaten appeared on the throne of Egypt. Today, we take a breather to sort it all out and summarise what we've seen so far. This will put us on a good footing for even more drama in the years to come...

Date: c.1357 BCE (regnal year 6)

King: Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re)

Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten)

Location: Amarna (Akhet-Aten)

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Learn More about the Podcast at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Amarna (Part 4): Raising a City in Haste.

When Akhenaten demanded a new royal residence (Akhet-Aten), it fell to countless labourers, overseers and donkeys to gather the material needed for the city. Archaeologists scouring the landscape of Akhet-Aten and its neighbourhood have found a great deal of evidence for stone quarrying, ancient road networks, and even the rudimentary concrete used to strengthen buildings...

• Date. c.1357 BCE
• King: Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re)
• Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten)
• Location: Amarna (Akhet-Aten)

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Episode Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Want to visit Egypt? Consider joining the History of Egypt Podcast Tour in January 2020! Spaces still available, more details at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2019/06/19/tour-2-now-ready-for-booking/

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Amarna (Part 3): House of a Master Builder.

The Overseer of Works, Hatiay, was one of Akhenaten's most prominent and useful servants. He helped build pharaoh's new city, bringing the vision to life, by organising work teams and resources for the massive construction projects. Along the way, Hatiay received many perks, including one of the nicest houses discovered at the site...

• Date: c.1357 BCE (regnal year 6).
• Pharaoh: Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re).
• Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten).
• Locations: Akhet-Aten (Amarna).

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com Episode images and more at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Amarna (Part 2): Akhenaten's Priorities and Mindset.

A short side episode, concerning Akhenaten's mind-set around the time he moved to Amarna. Did the King always plan this city? Did he want to live here forever and never leave? And how did he think about the community he was developing? We explore these questions...

• Date: c.1357 BCE (Regnal Year 6).
• King: Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re).
• Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten Neferet-Iti).
• Locations: Thebes (Waset); Amarna (Akhet-Aten).

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Podcast photos and more at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com.

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Amarna (Part 1): Building Akhet-Aten.

In regnal year 5, Akhenaten decreed the foundations of his new city devoted to the sun god. One year later, the King returned to perform ceremonies and to review what had been completed...

• Date: c.1357 BCE (regnal year 6)
• King: Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re)
• Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten)
• Cities: Amarna (Akhet-Aten)

Bookings now open for the next History of Egypt Tour! Check out the itinerary at Ancient World Tours (https://www.ancient.co.uk/holiday/history-of-egypt/). Music by Keith Zizza (www.keithzizza.com). Music by Michael Levy (www.ancientlyre.com).

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Akhenaten (Part 6): New Name, Who Dis?

In regnal year 5, Amunhotep IV reached the conclusion of his early ideological development. His views had crystallized and he was ready to express them more explicitly than before. Soon, pharaoh issued a public declaration; he would now be called Akh-en-Aten...

• Time Period: c.1358 BCE (regnal year 5)...
• King: Amunhotep IV / Akhenaten (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re)...
• Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten)...
• Places: Waset (Thebes), Akhet-Aten (Amarna)...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com...

Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Akhenaten (Part 5): Amarna Art.

Around the time of his Sed-Festival, Amunhotep IV introduced a whole new form of artistic representation. Royal imagery was reworked from the ground up, including new proportions, displays and themes. In this episode, we explore the changes to relief and sculpture, and meet the artisans who put pharaoh's vision into practice...

• Time Period: c.1359 BCE (regnal year 4)
• King: Amunhotep IV (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re, Imen-Hetep)
• Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten Neferet-Iti)
• Locations: Thebes (Waset), Aswan (Elephantine).

Images and Website (www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com).

Music by Keith Zizza (www.keithzizza.com).

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Akhenaten (Part 4): Aten Above All.

In 1360 BCE, regnal year 3, King Nefer-kheperu-Re Amunhotep IV made some of his most startling decisions yet. Promoting the sun disc, Aten, even further, Amunhotep began to give the god royal accessories (cartouches, uraei etc) and present it as a being tied intimately with the pharaoh. This culminated in an unprecedented event: a Sed-Festival, celebrated at Karnak, and shared by the King and God together...

• Time period: c.1360 BCE (regnal year 3)
• King: Amunhotep IV (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re)
• Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten Neferet-iti)
• Locations: Waset (Thebes); the Wadi Hammamat

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Website: See images and references at the Podcast Website... https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2019/06/05/the-royal-gods-episode-111/

Music: this episode's music by Keith Zizza...http://www.keithzizza.com/

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Akhenaten (Part 3): Revelation of a Religion.

Soon after he came to power, Amunhotep IV (later Akhenaten) began to reveal his unique vision of god and the world. A remarkable amount of evidence survives for this crucial period: from a royal speech, magnificent temples at Karnak and a massive artistic shift, the King revealed his strange and fascinating ideas...

Time period: c.1361 BCE (regnal year 2)

King: Amunhotep IV (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re)

Queen: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten Neferet-iti)

Locations: Waset (Thebes); Gebel el-Silsila

Music: Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music: Derek & Brandon Fiechter https://dbfiechter.bandcamp.com/

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Akhenaten (Part 2): The Great Queen(s)...

In 1361 BCE, Amunhotep IV was settled into his power. It was time to find a queen - his choice would be one of Egypt's most famous women...

This episode covers Amunhotep's diplomatic engagements with Mitanni and the first appearance (and origins) of Nefertiti. Also, we present part 2 of our interview with Dr. Joyce Tyldesley of Manchester University...

Time period: c.1361 BCE (regnal year 2).

Queens: Nefertiti (Nefer-neferu-Aten Neferet-Iti); Queen Mother Tiye; Yuni of Mitanni.

Kings: Amunhotep IV (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re); Tushratta of Mitanni.

Notable sites: Karnak (Ipet-Sut); West Bank of Thebes (Waset); Kingdom of Mitanni (Mesopotamia).

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2019/04/24/nefertiti-episode-109/ ...

Support the show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast ...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Akhenaten (Part 1): Conventional Start.

Around 1362 BCE, the reign of Amunhotep IV began. Although destined to shake the Egyptian state, this King began with some surprisingly conventional choices. His monuments and art are a far cry from what he would become...

Time period: c.1362 BCE (regnal year 1)

King: Amunhotep IV (Nefer-kheperu-Re Wa-en-Re).

Notable sites: Karnak (Ipet-Sut); West Bank of Thebes (Waset).

Images and Bibliography on the website (egyptianhistorypodcast.com).

The Podcast is on Patreon! Subscribe for early access, ad-free episodes and much more (patreon.com/egyptpodcast).

Music: Keith Zizza (keithzizza.com).

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An Egyptian couple relax in a garden, and share a moment of love...

Four poems of romance, exploring the courtship of an ancient couple. Translations by John L. Foster, Ancient Egyptian Literature: An Anthology (Amazon)

Website: egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Twitter: @EgyptianPodcast

Instragram: @EgyptPodcast

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The Queen Who Ruled All.

In this episode we look at Queen Tiye, Lady of the Two Lands and mighty power-player in court politics. With me is Dr. Joyce Tyldesley, Research Associate of the Manchester Museum and lecturer in Manchester University's online Egyptology courses. Dr. Tyldesley is an expert on ancient Egyptian women (royal and non-royal) and the role of these people in their society and she generously agreed to help me tell Tiye's story (and some others). We had a great discussion, I hope you enjoy.

This is Part One, focussing on Tiye. Part Two (releasing later) will focus on Nefertiti.

Time period: c.1390 - 1350.

People: Queen Tiye.

The podcast is on Patreon! Enjoy ad-free access at patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Music by Derek and Brandon Fiechter

Music by Keith Zizza

Podcast website at egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Amunhotep III (Part 14): The End.

In his last regnal years, Neb-ma'at-Re Amunhotep III experienced victories and defeats. While his health declined, the pharaoh got into a serious argument with the King of Babylon, inspected his magnificent tomb, and celebrated one last Sed-Festival. Finally, after 38 years on the throne, the inevitable moment arrived...

Time period: c.1362 BCE

Kings: Amunhotep III, Kadashman-Enlil (I) of Babylon.

Notable sites: Kingdom of Babylon, Waset (Thebes).

Bibliography and Images at egyptianhistorypodcast.com/

Music by Keith Zizza

Music by Michael Levy

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Bonus Episode! Lesser-known Monuments of Amunhotep III.

By the last years of his reign, c.1365 BCE, King Amunhotep had dozens of important monuments going up throughout Egypt and Nubia. But some of these have been overlooked. In this bonus episode, we explore some of the King's lesser-known structures. We also take a guided tour of Luxor Temple, now almost finished...

Time period: c.1365 BCE (year 35).

King: Amunhotep III (Neb-ma'at-Re).

Notable sites: Memphis (Hwt-ka-Ptah), Thebes (Waset), Malqata (Nebmaatre-Aten-Tjehen).

The podcast is on Patreon! Get early access and exclusive perks at patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Episode images and bibliography at egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Music by Keith Zizza keithzizza.com

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Amunhotep III (Part 13): Foreign Wives and Magnificent Tiye

By 1366 BCE, Amunhotep was on top of the world: foreign kings begged his friendship and they were willing to pay (beautifully) to get it. Meanwhile, Queen Tiye enjoyed an unprecedented level of parity with her husband, expressed quite publicly in grand monuments...

Time period: c.1366 BCE

Kings: Amunhotep III, Tushratta of Mitanni

Notable sites: Kingdom of Mitanni, Waset (Thebes), Bubastis

Episode images and bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

The Podcast is on Patreon! Enjoy early access and exclusive perks at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Amunhotep III (Part 12): Pharaoh as a God.

By 1366 BCE, Amunhotep III was ready to celebrate a second sed-festival. However, the King's pretensions had begun to reach celestial heights - in regnal year 34 he appeared to be an equal to the gods themselves...

Episode images and bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Daily Life in New Kingdom Egypt.

Around 1370 BCE, wealthy Egyptians enjoyed a comfortable and well-furnished lifestyle. From their tombs, houses and scattered texts, we can get a sense of daily life for ancient aristocrats...

Episode images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Egypt in the Cretaceous period. Music by Brandon Feichter (Bandcamp). Get AD-FREE, early-release episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Kha and Merit, an Intact Tomb. In 1906, a remarkable discovery came to light: the tomb of a middle-class couple, who lived in the town of Deir el-Medina. Here, amid the craftsmen and specialists who made tombs, a man named Kha and a woman named Merit enjoyed an affluent lifestyle. When they died, they were interred with all their worldly possessions and slept undisturbed for 3300 years. Then, a wonderful discovery occurred and an ancient story came to life... The History of Egypt Podcast is supported by Patrons, get early access and ad-free listening at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast... Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com... Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com...

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Amunhotep III (Part 11): The Royal Palace and a King's Life.

By 1370 BCE, King Amunhotep III was living in a sumptuous palace at Thebes. Built for the first sed-festival (ep.100), the "House of Rejoicing" was a magnificent structure with many beautiful elements. Today, we start to explore how a pharaoh lived and the lifestyle they enjoyed...

Episode images at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

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The Minoans Fade Away.

In 1370 BCE, an Egyptian embassy visited the Aegean. As part of their journey, they came to Crete, visiting the Keftiu (Minoans) who had ruled the island for 1000 years. Until now....

Images and More at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Music by Derek & Brandon Fiechter www.dbfiechter.bandcamp.com/

Support the show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast or make a donation via Paypal

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Ancient Egypt and the Greeks of Mycenae. It's time to set sail! We journey far from Egypt to visit lands only whispered about until now. We are visiting Greece and the lands of Mycenae, who in 1370 BCE were beginning to make their mark on the international scene. Episode images and references at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Outro music by Doug Metzger www.literatureandhistory.com/, Harp music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com, Intro music by Gabriel Yared www.gabrielyared.com

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Private Worship and Images in New Kingdom Egypt.

Here is the full discussion with Dr Campbell Price! It's a wonderful chat about all kinds of questions relating to Egypt and private worship. (If you want to skip ahead to the "new" content, it begins at 31:00).

00:00 - 32:00 18th Dynasty (see episode 101b).

32:00 - 90:00 Private Worship and Images in New Kingdom Egypt.

Check out Campbell's new book Pocket Museum: Ancient Egypt, available at all good retailers (Amazon Affiliate Link)

Episode images at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

The History of Egypt Podcast is on Patreon! Enjoy perks and exclusives at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Additional Music by Derek and Brandon Feichter https://dbfiechter.bandcamp.com/

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The Man Who Became a God.

In this episode we look at the divine statues of Amunhotep son of Hapu(c.1370 BCE) and how they helped him become a god. With me for this episode is Dr. Campbell Price, Curator of Egypt and Sudan at the Manchester Museum, University of Manchester. Dr. Price is an expert on non-royal statues and religion and he generously agreed to discuss these topics with me. The result was a wonderful interview, that I think you'll really enjoy!

Chapter Times:

00:00 Prologue,

02:47 Episode Intro,

04:00 Amuhotep Son of Hapu as a god,

08:00 Pilgrims to Amunhotep Hapu's statues,

14:45 Campbell Price Interview (Part 1),

27:07 Campbell Price Interview (Part 2),

47:40 Summary and Conclusion,

49:07 Epilogue.

Episode images at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

The History of Egypt Podcast is on Patreon! Enjoy perks and exclusives at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Sistrum by Hathor Systrum www.hathorsystrum.com/

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Success After Fifty.

In 1470 BCE, King Amunhotep III's closest advisor was already eighty years old. The scribe, overseer and wise man Amunhotep Son of Hapu achieved prominence quite late in life, but he did not waste the opportunity. From a small town in the Delta, to the vast construction sites of Thebes, a royal scribe went to work for his pharaoh, and gained immortality...

Chapter Times:

00:00 History of the Copts intro,

01:08 Episode Intro,

02:25 The Statues of Amunhotep son of Hapu,

05:40 Early Life,

11:25 Rise to Prominence and Sacred Mysteries,

15:13 The Colossi of Memnon,

19:55 The King's Advisor,

24:08 The Sed Festival,

30:45 Conclusion and Epilogue.

Episode images at egyptianhistorypodcast.com

The History of Egypt Podcast is on Patreon! Enjoy perks and exclusives at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Sistrum by Hathor Systrum www.hathorsystrum.com/

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A Father Begs His Son to Return Home.

Late in the New Kingdom (c.1250 BCE), an Egyptian father wrote a letter to his son. The son had gone to sea, sailing on a ship; he had not sent any word of his wellbeing. Worried, the father writes a letter, begging his son to return home.

The letter is possibly based off real events, for it involves people who were genuine figures in their community. The father, Menna, and the son Pay-Iry were inhabitants of the village of Deir el-Medina (Set-Ma'at, the Place of Truth). They lived around 1250 BCE, approximately, and this may be a record of their real relationship.

Translations by John L. Foster, Ancient Egyptian Literature: An Anthology (Amazon)

Website: egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Twitter: @EgyptianPodcast

Instragram: @EgyptPodcast

Facebook: @EgyptPodcast

Patreon: EgyptPodcast

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A former pupil goes off the rails and gets lost in drink; his teacher tries to bring him back.

After completing his education, a young scribe might take a job in a temple, government office, or work team. But this time, the student went off into some wayward behaviours. Writing a stern letter, a schoolmaster tries to bring his former pupil back to sobriety and good living.

Translations by John L. Foster, Ancient Egyptian Literature: An Anthology (Amazon)

Website: egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Twitter: @EgyptianPodcast

Instragram: @EgyptPodcast

Facebook: @EgyptPodcast

Patreon: EgyptPodcast

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To celebrate 100 episodes, I took your questions on all things ancient Egypt.

Pictures on topics (particularly Egyptian revival architecture of the 1800s) at the website www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

If you didn't hear your question, I have sent out written responses. Some questions covered material already in the show, or on topics that don't have enough evidence to discuss in detail.

Thanks for submitting!

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Interlude: A Princess Becomes Queen, a Prince Becomes Heir.

In 1370 BCE, the same year as the Sed-Festival, pharaoh Amunhotep III made two interesting decisions. He made his eldest daughter his wife, and named his eldest (surviving) son as heir to the throne. In a short side-episode, we explore these events and their significance...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Episode images at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Support the Podcast via Paypal or Patreon https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/support-the-show/ and https://patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Amunhotep III (Part 10): The Sed Festival, As Told by Kheruef Who Witnessed It.

In regnal year 30, Amunhotep III celebrated the first of his sed-festivals. This was a spectacular event, with a number of rituals and performances celebrating the King's reign, and renewing his authority on earth. Some of these rites were truly arcane, hearkening back to the very earliest days of the Egyptian kingdom.

In this special episode, we explore the festival from beginning to end as it is recorded in the tomb of Kheruef, a royal official who witnessed the celebration...

Episode divided into four chapters:

Chapter One at 03:28

Chapter Two at 20:44

Chapter Three at 33:20

Chapter Four at 52:20

Epilogue at 1:06:14

Episode images at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

The History of Egypt Podcast is on Patreon! Find all kinds of perks and exclusives at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music by Jeffrey Goodman www.jeffreygoodmanmusic.com/

Music by Derek and Brandon Feichter https://dbfiechter.bandcamp.com/

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The Podcast is growing! Here's the news of my plans, and what I hope to achieve.

Also, there is now a Patreon! Join up to access some great perks, and a special introductory giveaway!

www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast

www.twitter.com/EgyptianPodcast

Instagram: @egyptpodcast

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Amunhotep III (Part 9): The Dark Years.

Between 1380 and 1370 BCE, Egypt may have suffered an outbreak of disease. In this decade, at least four royal family members died, and the political situation was irrevocably changed. It wasn't all bad, though: around 1380, Queen Tiy went through the difficulties of childbirth and offered a new son to the lineage...

You can now support the show on PATREON, and access many exclusive perks www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/06/22/episode-99-sakhmets-demons/

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Interlude: Royal Children On the Rise.

From 1385 to 1380, the prince of Egypt Thutmose was climbing up the ranks. From a lowly sem-priest to the chief of a great temple, Thutmose was a quickly rising star. His sister, Sit-Amun, also leaves a tantalizing trace of her life. We explore a non-royal funeral, the cult of the Apis Bull, and see how a prince of Egypt left some wonderful personal records, including those of his pet.

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Online Great Books is your personal, curated introduction to the world of classic literature and philosophy http://onlinegreatbooks.com/egy and use the special discount code EGY

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An interview with composer Jeffrey Goodman.Jeff Goodman has composed some wonderful pieces evoking the world of ancient Egypt. Taking inspiration from mythology, art and literature, he crafts lovely songs with a focus on authenticity in instrumentation. As part of the larger investigation of music, I invited him onto the show for a discussion about composition, ancient musicality, and how to evoke the past when we have no written notation left. This is the first time I've interviewed someone; it was an interesting experience!

Jeffrey Goodman's website https://www.jeffreygoodmanmusic.com/tears-of-isis/

Learn more at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com and www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Instruments, Musicians, and Songs.

In this mini episode, we explore the traces of ancient Egyptian songs and music. Although the melodies and rhythms are lost, we still have lyrics, instruments and artwork detailing some of these arts. From this, we can understand how certain instruments were played, and what different artists tried to achieve. Plus, modern reconstructions can give us a hint at the soundscape of ancient Egypt.

Musical Interludes (by permission):

• Flute: Erik the Flutemaker (Youtube) (Website)
• Sistrum: Tahya of HathorSystrum (Youtube) (Website)
• Harp: Michael Levy (Website)
• Prayer: Michael Atherton (Website)
• Drums: Jeffrey Goodman (Youtube) (Website)

This is Part One; a second part (including an interview with composer Jeffrey Goodman) will follow soon.

Images and Bibliography at egyptianhistorypodcast.com

The History of Egypt Podcast is on Patreon! Gain perks at patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Interlude: Queen Tiy's Lucky Family.

The family of Queen Tiy came from an interesting place, and led a fascinating life. Her mother and father - Tjuyu and Yuya - and her brother Anen enjoyed great privileges thanks to their family connections. In life, and in death, they left an enduring legacy...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/05/24/episode-97b-the-in-laws/

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Amunhotep III (Part 8): Hunting, Wedding, Building.

From 1392 to 1390 BCE, Amunhotep III experienced an interesting few years. He hunted his 100th lion, and welcomed a new bride to his court. The princess Gilu-khepa came from Mitanni, for a diplomatic marriage to the king. Then, Amunhotep commissioned an artificial lake, built for the glory of his main wife, Tiy. Interesting times, all round...

Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Check out The History of Vikings podcast at www.thehistoryofvikings.com/

Get 25% off your first three months at Online Great Books, by visiting http://onlinegreatbooks.com/egy and entering the discount code EGY (Advertisement at the end of the episode).

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Three Poems of Love from 18th Dynasty Egypt.

Around 1400 BCE, scribes and composers put together delightful works exploring themes of love, longing, lust and courtship. They told tales from both male and female perspectives, describing the emotions and sensations of their desires and affections. In this mini episode, we explore three short poems.

Translations by John L. Foster, Ancient Egyptian Literature: An Anthology (Amazon)

Website: egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Twitter: @EgyptianPodcast

Instragram: @EgyptPodcast

Facebook: @EgyptPodcast

Patreon: EgyptPodcast

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Amunhotep III (Part 7): Everything Bigger Than Everything Else.

For 2000+ years, the Colossi of Memnon have dazzled visitors to Thebes. What are the statues doing there? In this episode, we explore the lost Mortuary Temple of Amunhotep III, in particular the immense statues which are his enduring legacy. From the work of Egyptian builders to the heroes of Greek myth, the Colossi of Memnon have a unique and unusual story...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Harp Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/04/22/episode-96-the-colossi-of-memnon/

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Amunhotep III (Part 6): City of a Hundred Pylons.

In 1397 BCE, King Amunhotep III began a massive series of building projects in Thebes. At Karnak, Luxor Temple, and the new "Maru" viewing place, the King inaugurated sanctuaries and gardens for the god Amun. We explore these monuments, and how they created a reputation that still resonated in the sagas of Greek myth...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Harp Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/04/02/episode-95-hundred-gated-thebes/

Check out Literature & History podcast at www.literatureandhistory.com

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A Scribe yearns for a holiday, and goes in search of peace.

Two texts, written between 1400 and 1300 BCE, tell of the exhausted scribe's yearning for a holiday. Sick of work, he struggles to focus on tasks, and finds his heart wandering off to more pleasant places. The city of Memphis, Men-nefer (or Ineb-Hedj) looms large in his fantasies.

Translations by John L. Foster, Ancient Egyptian Literature: An Anthology (Amazon)

Website: egyptianhistorypodcast.com

Twitter: @EgyptianPodcast

Instragram: @EgyptPodcast

Facebook: @EgyptPodcast

Patreon: EgyptPodcast

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Amunhotep III (Part 5): Exploring Nubia.

In late 1397 BCE, King Amunhotep III took a band of warriors deep into Nubia (Sudan). They traversed deserts, explored hidden pools, and came to mysterious lands. It was a trip into strange new places...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music by Doug Metzger, of Literature and History podcast at www.literatureandhistory.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/03/19/episode-94-the-pools-of-horus/

Check out the American Biography podcast at http://americanbiography.webs.com/

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Amunhotep III (Part 4): Pharaoh's First War.

At the start of regnal year 5 (around August 1397 BCE), Amunhotep III led his first and only military campaign. Responding to a revolt in Nubia, the King gathered an army and began an expedition. We follow the king on campaign, and explore a slightly unusual situation...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Additional Music by Jeff Goodman, discover more at https://www.jeffreygoodmanmusic.com/tears-of-isis

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/03/12/episode-93-the-river-war/

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Interlude: Romance, Passion and Love...in Song Form!

A look at New Kingdom love songs, as they survive. We see how the Egyptians felt and explored love, and encounter songs written from both the male and female perspective.

Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/02/26/mini-episode-love-songs/

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Amunhotep III (Part 3): Introducing Queen Tiy.

In 1399 BCE, the pharaoh Amunhotep III married his first and most important wife: Tiy, Royal Wife, Great of Praises, Mistress of Upper and Lower Egypt. Just twelve years old, the young queen would go on to be the most powerful woman in the world...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Bibliography and Images at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/02/19/episode-92-the-great-lady/

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Amunhotep III (Part 2): A Busy Start.

From May 1400 to April 1399, King Amunhotep finished his first year (just 4 months long) and began his second. In this 12-month period, he began a flurry of new projects. From donations to Thoth, to a mighty hunt, the King set himself as a vigorous and dynamic youth. His mother, Mutemwia, helped drive much of this...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/02/12/episode-91-the-mighty-bulls/

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Amunhotep III (Part 1): The Birth of a God.

Amunhotep III (Neb-maat-Re) came to power in mid-1400 BCE. He was twelve-years old, but already he had spent years being groomed for power. Today we explore the birthing myth and the childhood of one of the greatest pharaohs in history.

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Harp Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/01/23/episode-90-neb-maat-re/

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Bronze Age Syria and the Levant (Part Three, 1460 - 1400 BCE).

In 2017, we released a charity series to raise money for victims of the Syrian crisis. Now, I release those episodes to you, so that the ongoing conflict will not be forgotten. This is Part Three, in which we follow a single man as he fled persecution, sought vengeance, and wound up as king of a famous city. This is the tale of Idrimi of Aleppo...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/05/02/syrian-tales-free-release/

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Life in Bronze Age Syria and the Levant (Part Two, 1800 - 1700 BCE).

In 2017, we released a charity series to raise money for victims of the Syrian crisis. Now, I release those episodes to you, so that the ongoing conflict will not be forgotten. This is Part Two, in which we explore the city-state of Mari, and its monumental prosperity: a success story that drew the attention of the legendary king, Hammurabi of Babylon...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/05/02/syrian-tales-free-release/

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Bronze Age Syria and the Levant (Part One, 2400 - 1800 BCE).

In 2017, we released a charity series to raise money for victims of the Syrian crisis. Now, I release those episodes to you, so that the ongoing conflict will not be forgotten. This is Part One, exploring the history and archaeology of Ebla, a major city-state in central Syria.

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/05/02/syrian-tales-free-release/

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The History of Egypt Podcast is pleased to present "Syrian Tales," a 3-part mini-series recounting tales from Bronze Age Syria. These episodes are released to raise money on behalf of Syrian refugees; details in the announcement. The series will feature the voice-talents of many talented podcasters (below). It's going to be great!

Featuring the voice talents of Robin Pierson (History of Byzantium), Ryan Stitt (History of Ancient Greece), Scott Chesworth (The Ancient World), Drew Vahrenkamp (Wonders of the World), Kevin Stroud (The History of English), Doug Metzger (Literature and History) www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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Interlude: Nebi and the Guardians of the Sinai.

Around 1414 BCE, a man and his comrades were marching into the unrelenting heat of the Sinai Peninsula. We follow Nebi of Tjaru and his men, as they undertake the grueling work of protecting Egypt's frontiers...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Additional Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Map at https://i.imgur.com/ufZgO4U.jpg

Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/01/07/episode-89-lords-of-the-desert/

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Interlude: Queen Tia'a, Lady of the Faiyum Oasis.

Before she became queen of Egypt, the lady Tia'a spent her days at the royal harem of the Faiyum. This was a mysterious institution, devoted to serving queens, concubines and all the children of a pharaoh. We explore the Queen's background, the harem as an institution and the people who led the Faiyum's communities...

Music by Keith Zizza http://www.keithzizza.com/

Additional music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/12/20/episode-88-lady-of-the-lake/

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The Egyptian Religious Year (12/12): Birthdays of the Gods.

The end of the year in ancient Egypt was a surprisingly unlucky time. With summer heat at unbearable levels, the Nile at its lowest ebb, and people suffering from physical or spiritual malaise, the final days of the religious year were not so happy. Fortunately, the ancients had some tools to ward off disaster.

Music by Keith Zizza http://www.keithzizza.com/

Additional music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2018/01/14/mini-episode-birthday-festivities/

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Thutmose IV (Part 2): The Entire Reign at Once.

From 1418 - 1400 BCE, Men-kheperu-Re Thutmose IV ruled Egypt with skill and expertise. It helped that the women in his life were equally capable and influential. The collaboration between King and Queen(s) makes for a fascinating reign...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Additional music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com/

Images and bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/11/28/episode-87-comforts-of-power/

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Thutmose IV (Part 1): Old Enemies Become New Friends.

1418 - 1416 BCE. The new pharaoh spends his first two years involved in political reprisals and military actions. He removes rivals, but also makes friends with some longstanding enemies...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music by Derek and Brandon Fiechter https://dbfiechter.bandcamp.com/

Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/11/14/episode-86-doing-gods-work/

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Interlude: Two Princes Clash.

In 1418 BCE, Egypt momentarily lacks a pharaoh. Two sons of the crown go head to head, in a duel to be the next ruler. Who wins? Only the Sphinx knows...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Bibliography at http://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/11/09/episode-85-a-clash-of-princes/

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The Religious Year (Parts 10-11): the Egyptian Day of the Dead.

In the 10th month of the year, Egyptians celebrated the "Beautiful Festival of the Valley," a grand affair similar to today's Day of the Dead or Qingming celebrations.

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Additional Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/12/13/mini-episode-flower-festivities/

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Assassin's Creed Origins sees video-game players visiting ancient Egypt (c.50 BCE). From the desert oases to the city of Alexandria, the Faiyum to the Pyramids, you can now explore a fully-realised version of ancient Egypt.

But how does the game play, and is it historical enough? Today I explore some of the history behind it, and what the game does right.

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Music by Brandon and Derek Fiechter https://dbfiechter.bandcamp.com/

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Amunhotep II (Part 7): Remarkable Discoveries in a Royal Tomb.

Around 1440 BCE, Egyptians were carving the burial monument of Amunhotep II in the Valley of the Kings. In 1898 CE, a group of excavators were uncovering the edifice once more. In a dual narrative, we explore the design, construction and discovery of a most remarkable tomb...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Additional Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/10/18/2597/

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Amunhotep II (Part 6): Finding an Heir.

Around 1420 BCE, Amunhotep II comes to the end of his days. We explore his family life, what we know about the man himself, and try to get a handle on his legacy...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/10/03/episode-84-the-bald-falcon/

Check out Tiny Vampires, a podcast about disease, science and bloodsucking insects www.tinyvampires.com

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Amunhotep II (Part 5): How to Make Friends and Rule the Nile Valley.

The pharaoh Amunhotep II has a reputation for cronyism: he put his childhood friends into positions of power, and removed trusted officials from office at a whim. Does he deserve this reputation? We go in search of an answer, exploring the lives of some noteworthy men who rose to prominence in this time...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/09/13/episode-83-the-brat-pack/

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The Religious Year (Parts 8-9): Onions for Bastet.

Months 8 and 9 were big on drinking and eating, with some strange rituals to go along with them. We meet Bastet (the cat) and Renen-utet (the snake), two goddesses who were friends to farmers. As the harvest season began, all looked towards the growth of the fields...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/10/10/mini-episode-onion-festivities/

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Interlude: A Royal Journey Through the Underworld

Rulers of the 18th Dynasty decorated their tombs with lavish images of the underworld, which we know as the Duat. These scenes, and texts, reveal a complex story of Re's journey beneath the western horizon, through the nether, and ultimately into a cosmic re-birth. Along the way he crossed waters and deserts, faced demons and monsters, and even met with his own corpse...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Images and Bibliography https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/08/27/episode-82-that-which-is-in-the-underworld/

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The Ultimate Underworld Story. The Book of the Dead might be the most famous piece of writing from ancient Egypt. It is also one of the most misunderstood... Around 1420 BCE, a royal architect commissioned a book for his tomb. This text is one of the best preserved Books of the Dead from the mid-18th Dynasty. From its unrolled pages, we can explore the journey into the underworld, as experienced by a non-royal Egyptian. Note: This episode functions as an introduction to the Book of the Dead. As we move forward through the centuries, we will revisit the text to see new developments and additions. Music by Jeffrey Goodman www.shelterofclearlight.com/, Images and Bibliography at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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The Religious Year (Parts 6-7): The False Summer.

In the months of "Great Heat" and "Small Heat," Egyptians celebrated some very important festivals. Mid-winter had passed, and it was time to bring life back to the cosmos. Along the way, the Egyptians celebrated the gods Anubis, Amun-Re, and a deified Pharaoh...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/08/07/mini-episode-festivities-of-heat/

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Before he became king, Amunhotep II made a promise to embellish and restore monuments on the Giza Plateau. Once Pharaoh, he fulfilled his promise beautifully. As he did so, he introduced a new chapter in Egypt's religious history... https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/07/31/episode-80-servant-of-great-gods/

Check out http://www.agorapodcastnetwork.com/ for more great podcasts from the Agora Network.

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Amunhotep II (Part 3): Slavery and the Bible.

In 1435 BCE, King Amunhotep II led a devastating war in Syria. He took thousands of captives, and transported them to Egypt by force. Once there, they became captive-workers of the Egyptian elite. Was this the historical inspiration for the Biblical "Captivity"? We go in search of answers...

Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

Additional Music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/07/16/episode-79-let-my-people-go/

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Amunhotep II (Part 2): The Pharaoh's Aide.

In 1440 BCE, a servant of Pharaoh inscribed his tomb with a remarkable text detailing every aspect of his job. What was life like, for one of Egypt's most important officials?

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/06/18/episode-77-the-duties-of-the-vizier/

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The Religious Year (Part 5): Worshipping Snakes and Cats.

The fifth month was an interesting one, involving worship of snakes, and cats sailing down the Nile. Major gods of this month include Neheb-Kau, Bastet, Shesmet-et, Wadjet and Mut. We meet a few of these strange deities and see why snakes and cats went hand-in-hand...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/06/03/mini-episode-banquet-festivities/

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Amunhotep II (Part 1): The Sportsman King.

From 1459 to 1440 BCE, the prince Amunhotep II enjoyed a privileged upbringing. Once he ascended to power, he displayed his prowess to all and sundry. From the battlefield to the sports field, Amunhotep set out to make his name...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/05/31/episode-77-lean-and-swift/

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Thutmose III (Part 10): The End of a Mighty Reign.

From 1450 to 1441, Thutmose lived out the last nine years of his reign. He commanded one last expedition; oversaw building projects, and brought his tomb to completion. Finally, he had to prepare for the succession, and his own inevitable death...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/05/15/episode-76-54-years-of-splendour/

Correction: at 48:10, I refer to the date of Amunhotep II's co-regency as 1441. This should be 1444 BCE.

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The Religious Year (Part 4): Hathor and Osiris.

In the fourth month of the year, the Egyptians celebrated the end of the Nile flood (Akhet). With grand ceremonies to Hathor, Osiris and the god Sokar, they brought the first season of the year to a close.

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/04/29/mini-episode-khoiak-festivities/

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Thutmose III (Part 9): Home and Propaganda.

From 1455-1450 BCE, Thutmose spent much of his time involved in domestic affairs. Unfortunately, this involved some very harsh policies towards his immediate predecessor...

Images and Bibliography at ttps://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/04/24/episode-75-thutmose-triumphant/

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Thutmose III (Part 8): The Final Campaigns.

After 20+ years of near-annual campaigning, Thutmose III finally came to the end of his military career. We explore the last ten years of this process in one sweep: successes (and failures) abound...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/04/05/episode-74-war-stories/

Check out the History of China podcast at https://thehistoryofchina.wordpress.com/

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The religious year (Part 3): Worshipping Hathor.

The month of Hathor saw a concentrated effort on renewing fertility energies in the natural world. Festivals to the male god of sexual energy, and the widow and sister of Osiris dominated the time.

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/03/31/mini-episode-hathor-festivities/

TEXT of the Lamentations of Isis and Nephthys at http://www.ancient.eu/article/878/

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Thutmose III (Part 7): Diplomatic Marriage.

After the brilliant campaign of year 33, Thutmose enjoys a period of peace and plenty. Foreign powers seek accommodation with the Egyptians, and this manifests in a series of remarkable diplomatic engagements...

See the treasures of the three princesses at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/03/17/episode-73-the-three-princesses/

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The Religious Year (Part 2): Worshipping Osiris.

In the month of Pa-Opet ("Phaophi") the Egyptians continued their long re-enactment of the myth of Osiris. They also celebrated a huge festival in honour of the Pharaoh. And they mummifed a bunch of rams, for some reason...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/02/26/mini-episode-opet-festivities/

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Interlude: Busy Lives at Thebes.

Personal correspondence is an exciting find for Egyptologists. It's even more wonderful when the letters come together to form a cohesive group, all related to one person. Come meet Ahmose, a letter writer from ancient Egypt...

Images and bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/02/20/episode-72-the-home-front-letters-to-ahmose/

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Thutmose III (Part 6): The Sed-Festival.

Three years before the Mitanni Campaign (Episode 70), Thutmose celebrated his first jubilee. To do that, he needed a new monument, a few gods, and the ancient equivalent of a baseball bat...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/02/06/episode-71-thirty-two-and-thirty/

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Inauguration: Choosing and Crowning an Egyptian Ruler.

A shameless tie-in with current events: we explore the way a ruler of Egypt was chosen and crowned, which could be more complicated than you might expect...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/01/25/mini-episode-inauguration-day/

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Question: What does "Pharaoh" mean?

A quick look at the word "Pharaoh:" what it means, how it came about, and why I very rarely use it in the Podcast (until now).

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2017/01/26/mini-episode-the-first-pharaohs/

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The Religious Year (Part 1): New Year.

Welcome to a new series detailing the Egyptians' religious year, the major events and the gods they celebrated. Month number one was called "Tekh," and it heralded several important rituals. There were festivals of the Nile Flood (Hapi), festivals of the blessed dead (Wagy-and-Thoth), and the beginning of a multi-month re-enactment of the legends of the god Osiris. The Egyptians got up to all kinds of shenanigans...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/

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Thutmose's Greatest Campaign. In 1462 BCE, approximately, King Men-kheperu-Re Thutmose III led his most daring campaign. He travelled far from Egypt to attack the heartland of Egypt's enemy, the Mitanni. What followed was one of the standout moves in ancient military history... Date c.1462 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com; get early releases and ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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Foreign Lands, Foreign Peoples. We take a break from the reign of Thutmose III to meet some of Egypt's neighbours. The people of Crete (Keftiu), Cyprus (Alashiya), and Byblos (Kupna / Gubla) made significant contributions to their world. We meet some of them. Oh, and there's a goofy poem at the end... Date. 1465 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, get early releases and ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast

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The Marvellous Tricks of General Djehuty. Sometime in the reign of Thutmose III, a siege took place at Joppa (Tel Aviv). The were starving their enemy out, when an unusual opportunity presented itself. Thinking quickly, the wily general made a cunning plan... Date c. 1465 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, get early releases and ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, music by Michael Levy www.ancientlyre.com

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Submissions and Settlements. After his victory at Megiddo, King Thutmose III began to organise his new conquests. The lands of Canaan and Syria were transformed, as the Egyptians built a network of garrisons, supply depots, and fortresses. Step-by-step, they built their military capability and their empire... Date c.1470 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, get early releases and ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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A royal drama. In this episode, we replay the "official account" of Thutmose III's great victory at Megiddo. Drawing on the King's own proclamations, and using the voices of some other podcasters, we bring the story to life... Date c.1473 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, get early releases and ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, dramatic readings provided by Elias Belhaddad (The History of Islam), Ben Jacobs (Wittenberg to Westphalia), Travis J Dow (History of Germany), Steve Guerra (History of the Papacy), Thomas Daly (American Biography), David Crowther (The History of England), Erik Fogg (ReConsider). Bibliography and Images at www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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A Mighty Victory. Around 1473 BCE, Thutmose III faced a rebellion, when enemies in Canaan gathered to oppose him. The King of Egypt had a choice: destroy his foes, or risk losing the empire. Battle, chaos, and Monty Python ensued... Date c. 1473 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, get early releases and ad-free episodes at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com,

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Ghost Stories of Ancient Egypt (Halloween Edition). In this episode we explore three tales of the ancient macabre: a ghostly visitation; some scoundrels petrified by their encounters with the gods; and the "Ancient Egyptian Guide to When Your Dreams Are Trying to Kill You." They're horror stories, Egyptian style! www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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Hatshepsut's Last Years. After a long life and successful reign, Ma'at-Ka-Re Hatshepsut died. We wrap up her story, review her legacy, and review some standout events. Plus, we dig into the mystery of her tomb. Do we have Hatshepsut's mummy? There are many questions... Date c.1473 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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The prince Thutmose III. It's time to catch-up with the "other" King of Egypt. Thutmose III, still young, spent his early years in the palace, learning the arts of rule. He learned religious rituals, literacy, and skills in fighting. In this episode, we explore the young King's life through two institutions: the army and the royal palace "harem." Date c.1480 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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The Punt Expedition and the Speos Artemidos. We take a short break from the narrative, to explore two important texts from Hatshepsut's reign. These are the records of the Punt Expedition, and a propaganda text from the Speos Artemidos, a temple in middle Egypt. Guest vocals by Anya Banerjee. Date c.1480 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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A Sed-Festival. By 1485 BCE, Hatshepsut's subjects were bustling to prepare her grand jubilee. The sed-festival, held in year 16, celebrated an anniversary. But, an anniversary of what, exactly? Date c.1485 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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Hatshepsut's Trusted Advisor. As Hatshepsut's power grew, so did that of Senenmut. A royal courtier, Senenmut found his career accelerating in tandem with the new King. In this episode, we follow Senenmut from his early upbringing to the corridors of power, and his victory over his rivals... Date c.1495-1485 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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The Great Expedition to Punt. In 1488 BCE, King Hatshepsut launched her most famous project. A fleet of ships sailed down the Red Sea coast, in order to visit the land of Punt. There, they gathered trade goods, and met some truly fascinating locals... Date c.1488 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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Amun Creates Hatshepsut. In a short break, we explore the tale Hatshepsut told about her origins. She ascribed her creation and birth to the King of the Gods, Amun-Ra himself. In this dramatic recount, we go through the whole story (as it survives). Date c.1520 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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Hatshepsut, King of Egypt. In 1488 BCE, Hatshepsut made her most daring move. She pushed her newphew (Thutmose III) to one side and proclaimed herself King of Upper and Lower Egypt. At a stroke, Egypt had two kings, ruling at once... Date c.1488 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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Hatshepsut Gathers Power. For the first five years of her rule, Hatshepsut was (officially) a caretaker for the throne. But power inevitably gathered around the powerful woman, and she knew it... Date c.1495 - 1490 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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Introducing Hatshepsut. For a decade or more, King Thutmose I ruled a stable kingdom. Unfortunately, this king gets overshadowed by his daughter, whom he may have groomed for power... Dates c.1519 - 1505 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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Terrible deeds... and great. In his first few years King Thutmose I led campaigns, managed his household, and commissioned his royal tomb. He launched a campaign into Nubia, pursuing conquest and booty. Unfortunately, his methods were rather horrific... Date c.1515 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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Conquering Syria. Around 1519 BCE a new King came to power. Thutmose I (Aa-kheper-ka-Re) immediately began securing his rule. He married a cousin (or sister) of his predecessor, then launched two military campaigns. In the process he travelled further than any ruler had done before... Date c.1519 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast.  

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Amunhotep I and the Splendour of Thebes. The podcast returns from hiatus, following the death of a close family member. Around 1530 BCE, King Ahmose I died and Amunhotep I came to power. At this time, the city of Waset (Thebes) was beginning to gain wealth and prominence, thanks to the exploits of its military. Prosperity grew and non-royal tombs show a growing sense of vitality... Date c.1530 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast

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Interlude: Dance the Magic Dance!

Egyptians had many festivals, and they celebrated these with great energy. Whether it was dancing for a wealthy hostess, or leaping over charging bulls, or just getting totally drunk at a festival, the Egyptians did it all...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2016/05/03/mini-episode-dancers-for-god/

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How to Bury a King. Around 1530 BCE, King Ahmose I died. With his death and burial, the Second Intermediate Period ended and the New Kingdom began. We explore the funeral of a truly great monarch... Date c. 1530 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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A Kingdom Resurgent. Around 1540 BCE, the warriors of Thebes (Waset) were chasing their enemies. King Ahmose I and his soldiers pursued the Hyksos, straining to reach that ultimate victory, and re-unify The Two Lands. Date c. 1540 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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Warfare Along the Nile. Around 1550 BCE, the young King Ahmose I was pursuing battle against the enemy Hyksos. The King and his mother, Ahhotep, pummeled their foes mercilessly. But they also took time to raise friends to high places... Date c.1550 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast. 

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Historical Phase number 3... We are now entering the New Kingdom. What does this mean? Well, that's kind of a big question www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Second Intermediate Period (Part 4): Catastrophe.

In 1560 BCE, Seqenenre Tao was dead. Killed in battle, the king's body lay on the field, beaten and bloody. Now, the task of ruling Thebes fell to Seqenenre's wife, the formidable Queen Ah-Hotep. She kept Thebes together, helping to maintain its unity in the face of defeat...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/11/05/episode-55-blood-and-thunder/

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Crime Scene Investigation. Around 1600 BCE the King of Southern Egypt, Seqen-en-re Ta’a died. His end was violent and bloody. The king was a victim of (anonymous) foes, who tied him up and executed him. The full circumstances of this event are coming to light with new research. Today, we dig into recent studies on the event and its larger context… www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Music by Ancient Lyric www.bettinajoydeguzman.com. Read the new study of Seqenenre's mummy at https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmed.2021.637527  

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Second Intermediate Period (Part 3): Resistance!

Around 1560 BCE the Hyksos were supreme over Egypt. Along with their allies (the Nubians of Kerma), the Hyksos dominated half of the country. Down in the southern regions, the kings of Dynasty 16 struggled to hold their territory...

Images and bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/10/19/467/

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Second Intermediate Period (Part 2): Invaders!

Around 1650 BCE, the 13th Dynasty crumbled away. Foreigners moving into Egypt over previous centuries now consolidated their power. Or was it an invasion?

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/09/29/episode-53-rulers-of-foreign-lands/

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Second Intermediate Period (Part 1): Collapse!

Around 1700 BCE, disaster struck the land of Egypt. A famine and a plague swept through the land, devastating society and reducing the 13th Dynasty to a shadow. Unable to rely on royal aid, foreigners in the North began to break away into their own kingdom...

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/09/10/episode-52-two-dynasties-at-once/

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Dynasty 13: Invisible Kings.

From 1770 to 1700, the 13th Dynasty produced a vast number of kings, but we know almost nothing about them. Why?

Images and Bibliography at https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/08/27/episode-51-everywhere-and-nowhere/

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Dynasty 12: A Woman King.

Around 1776 BCE, the 12th Dynasty was dwindled away. Before it vanished, it produced one last remarkable figure. Please welcome Neferu-Sobek, a woman ruling as a King...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/07/28/episode-50-between-two-worlds/

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Dynasty 12: Foreign Settlements. King Amenemhat IV came to power around 1798 BCE. His reign was unremarkable, but big things were happening around Egypt. In this episode, we explore the growing evidence for Canaanite peoples coming to Egypt and settling in large numbers. Date c.1798 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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A Last Flowering. King Amen-em-hat III (aka Ny-ma'at-Re) was the last "great" ruler of Dynasty 12. Over forty-six years in power, he would achieve significant things for his royal household. Unfortunately, cracks were beginning to appear in Egypt's kingdom... Date c.1845 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Ancient Egyptian Gossip. Around 1845 BCE, the reign of Senuseret III drew to its close. But the transition from one king to another was not entirely smooth. Senuseret had to plan ahead, and make provisions for his death... Date c. 1845 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Senuseret III (Part 4): Decimations.

Around 1864 BCE, King Senuseret III launched a new campaign into Nubia. Along the way, he built new fortresses and took many captives. Meanwhile, Egyptians begin practising a rather novel way of destroying their enemies...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/04/06/episode-46-crushing-our-enemies/

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The Coffin Texts. Around 1867 BCE, the nobles were taking a greater share in the economy than ever before. This "flowering" of elite culture produced some wonderful works: ornately decorated coffins, painted with spells, hymns, and even stories connected with the underworld of Osiris... https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Interlude: A Tale of the Sea.

Sometime during the Twelfth Dynasty, a folk-tale was composed (or became popular) that would echo through the ages as one of Egypt’s most enduring tales...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2015/02/20/episode-44-the-shipwrecked-sailor/

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Ancient Egyptian Love Songs.

Ancient Egyptian love songs are passionate (even erotic). This episode may not be suitable for children. But these poems are lively, full of excitement, and descriptive indeed...

www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com

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Society and Death. Around 1872 BCE, King Senuseret III (Kha-Kau-Re) was powerful and secure. The wealthy nobles of the kingdom began to respond to this power... Date c. 1880 - 1870 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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A Secret Tomb. Around 1880 BCE, one of Egypt's most successful rulers took the throne. Sen-Useret III was a mighty and influential King, who would enjoy a lasting legacy of power, justice, and splendour... Date c.1880 - 1860 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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The Lake Pyramid. Around 1892 BCE, a new ruler came to power. His name was Sen-Useret II, and while he did not rule long, this king had a big impact on his dynasty... Date c. 1890 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Interlude: How the Egyptians Celebrated.From beer halls to temples to cemeteries, this episode explores Egyptian revelry. We focus on two major festivals: the raucous celebrations for Hathor, and the sombre re-enactment of the Osiris story... https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Fabulous Wealth. Around 1920 BCE, Egypt's royal household was prospering. Trade brought wealth from foreign lands, and many exotic goods found their way into royal and non-royal caches. Some of these treasures survive, and have been recovered by archaeologists... Date c. 1920 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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International Fame. Around 1927 BCE, King Nub-kau-Re Amenemhat II came to power. His reign was peaceful and prosperous, and many treasures emerge from this period... Date c. 1927 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Money Money Honey. Gold drives empires today, and the ancient Egyptians were no different. Senuseret I sends warriors into Nubia, the Sinai Peninsula and the Eastern Desert. They go in search of precious metals, resources needed for the King's monuments...Date c. 1960 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Creating Karnak Temple. The temple of Karnak is a wonder of the world; but its origins are mostly lost, beneath generations of re-modelling and re-building. Nevertheless, a few traces survive of the earliest days; among them, a magnificent monument of King Senuseret I... Date c.1950 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Teachings from the Father. Around 1962 BCE, King Sen-Useret I came to power. His father was dead, assassinated by his own royal guards. Now, the new ruler had to figure things out. Fortunately, Senuseret had some "teachings" from his father. What a coincidence, right? Date c.1962 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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The Tale of Sinuhe. Around 1962 BCE, conspirators broke into the royal bedchamber and attacked King Amenemhat in his bed. The result was panic. The king's son Senuseret was far from home, and the situation was incredibly perilous. In the midst of this, a minor official named Sinuhe got caught up in the storm, and decided to flee for his life. Thereby hangs a tale... Date c. 1960 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Father and Son. Around 1985 BCE, King Amenemhat I ruled with skill and sense. His reign was a time of new developments, epitomised in the foundation of a new capital city. Strangely, the King decided to name his new capital "Seizing the Two Lands." Date c. 1985 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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A Self-Made King. Around 1990 BCE, a new King took power. His name was Amun-em-Hat (aka Amenemhat I). First things first, he had to justify his unusual accession... Date c.1990 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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A Forgotten King. At the end of Dynasty 11, there is a "gap" in the royal king list. The Turin Canon records the seven years of Montuhotep IV as a time when "no king reigned." On top of this, no royal images or records survive from his reign. Who is this man, and why is he lost?... Date c.1995 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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A short but successful reign. Around 2010 BCE the great king Montu-Hotep II died. His son and heir, Montuhotep III, now came to power. This new king only ruled a few years but he achieved some noteworthy things, including a visit to Punt... Date c. 2010 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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The Southern War. Around 2020 BCE, King Montuhotep II was secure in his power. He could now lead military campaigns in Wawat and Kush, the region historians call Nubia or Sudan. He also went east into the deserts, and north to Canaan, pushing Egyptian authority abroad... Date c. 2020 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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A King and His Court. By 2020 BCE, Montu-Hotep II had established himself as King of Upper and Lower Egypt. But, would he be able to keep his power, in the wake of challenges? Date c. 2020 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Mighty in Thebes. Around 2040 BCE, a new King unified Egypt and brought the country some stability. His name was Neb-hepet-Re Montu-Hotep ("Montu is Satisfied"), and he would be a mighty ruler indeed. To celebrate his victory, the new ruler commissioned beautiful monuments, in the city of his ancestors... Date c.2020 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Historical Phase number 2... A quick primer for the Middle Kingdom, the period which saw prosperity return to Egypt and cultural achievements reach some amazing heights. Let me introduce the new phase, and what our story will involve... www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Khety vs Intef. Around 2070 BCE, Egypt was gripped by conflict. It was time for a showdown between the two families, Khety and Intef, that claimed dominion over the land. The conflict was heating up and battle soon began... Date c.2070 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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A Kingdom Divided. By 2080 BCE, Egypt was split between two warring households. In the north, the "House of Khety" held sway over many towns. In the south, the "House of Intef" ruled the narrow valley. Both houses sought to rule the whole land, and they would fight for the privilege. In the midst of this chaos, a mayor named Ankh-Tyfy did his best to govern his community... Date c.2080 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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End of the Old Kingdom. Around 2215 BCE, King Pepy II was dead. In his wake the Sixth Dynasty came to its end, and a series of short-lived rulers followed through Dynasties 7 and 8. Eventually, the Old Kingdom as a concept faded away. What happened, and why? There are many reasons for this process, including political instability, economic collapse, and climate change... Date c. 2215 - 2100 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Logo Image: Ernesto Graf, from Wikimedia CC BY-SA https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dashur_and_South-Saqqara_pyramids.jpg

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A Long, Long Reign. King Pepy ruled more than sixty years, by some estimates. In his later years, this long reign was becoming an issue. The aging monarch was losing influence, and his children were dying before he did... Date c. 2240 - 2220 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Ruling the World. King Pepy ruled long and his authority reached far and wide. To understand Egyptian society in this period, we must meet the important families (nobility) who served Pepy, and see how their actions shape our understanding of history... Date c.2260 - 2240 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Logo image: Miniature Brewing Vat, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/543893

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The Child King. Around 2285 BCE, a new ruler came to power. King Pepy II was a little boy, just six years old. His reign would be one of the longest, and most impactful, in the Old Kingdom... Date c.2285 - 2260 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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The Great Explorer. Around 2300 BCE, King Pepy I died. His successor was a man named Mer-en-Re ("Beloved of Re"). In this period, the explorer Weni the Elder continued his travels, now going far south into Sudan on missions for the King... Date c.2300 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Power shifts. Around 2355 BCE, King Pepy I came to power. The new king had trouble establishing his authority, and he had to deal with the effects of his predecessor Teti's murder. Along the way, Pepy even had to deal with a conspiracy against himself... Date c. 2550 - 2540 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Who Watches the Watchmen? Around 2355 BCE, King Teti died. Legend tells us that the king was murdered by members of his own family. If this is true, it is the first time in Egyptian history that we hear about royal assassination. Of course, there are many questions about what happened... Date c.2350 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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A new beginning. Around 2380 BCE, King Teti inaugurated the Sixth Dynasty of Egyptian rulers. Teti married into the royal family and began a new (male) bloodline. This period was creatively fertile, producing famous works like the Wisdom Texts of Ptah-Hotep and Ka-Gemni... Date c.2380 - 2360 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Beer, Bread and Pharaoh's Power. Recorded 2019. My guest today is Prof. Leslie Anne Warden, Associate Professor of art history and archaeology at Roanoke College in Virginia, USA. An insightful scholar, Prof. Warden is here to share her investigations into the world of ancient economics, particularly how beer and bread can reveal the inner-workings of Egyptian society. From ceramics to experiments in brewing, Prof. Warden provides a detailed and thoughtful view on the world of the Nile Valley. Look: Pottery and Economy in Old Kingdom Egypt, 2013; University profile, Academia.edu. https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Unas the Cannibal. Around 2410 BCE, a new trend began in royal pyramid building. King Unas initiated something unusual when he introduced hieroglyphic texts to the burial chamber of his pyramid. These Pyramid Texts are a vast and fascinating body of work. In this episode, we dip our toes into this material, and even see evidence for divine cannibalism... Date c.2410 - 2380 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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New Ideas. Around 2440 BCE, a new king came to power. King Djed-ka-Re ("The Spirit of Re Endures") was an effective ruler, who reformed the government and left a rich artistic and written record... Date c. 2440 - 2410 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com, Logo Photo by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin via Wikimedia Creative Commons License (cropped and increased contrast) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Part_of_a_door_jamb_showing_the_cartouche_of_Djedkare_Isesi._From_the_Sun_Temple_of_Nyuserre_Ini_at_Abu_Gurob,_Egypt._c._2430_BCE._Neues_Museum.jpg

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An Uphill Battle. The reign of King Ny-user-Re was not a bed of lotuses. After a rocky start, the young ruler worked to make his household and kingdom prosperous. We see this trend in a flowering of artistic and written culture... Date c.2445 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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I Got You, Fam. After a series of short reigns, King Ny-User-Re came to power and brought some much-needed stability. In his long reign, Niuserre strengthened the power of his government and household. Many records survive from this period, like fascinating tales of the King's hairdressers... Date c.2455 - 2440 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Quick Successions. After the death of Sahure, multiple kings came and went in a short span of time. In this episode, we follow the reigns of Nefer-ir-ka-Re ("Making the Soul of Re Beautiful") and Ra-nefer-ef. This period is murky, but we will get through it. Oh, and another powerful queen shows up to manage affairs... Date c.2570 - 2555 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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The Great Fleet. Around 2585 BCE, King Userkaf died and passed the throne to his son, Sahure ("One Who is Close to Re"). At this point, Egyptians launched the first (recorded) expedition to Punt. This mysterious land, somewhere near Ethiopia, Somalia or Yemen, was a major destination for trade. Sahure commemorated the event lavishly... Date c.2580 - 2570 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Dynasty 5: A New Temple.

Around 2494 BCE, the 5th Dynasty began under Khenty-Kaus I and her son User-Kaf. A new household was in power: rulers who had some interesting ideas about what to do with the kingship, and religion...

https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/2013/05/01/episode-10-a-temple-to-the-sun/

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King but not a King. Around 2500 BCE, King Menkaure died without an heir. His sister Khenty-Kau-es ("She is Foremost") stepped into the vacuum and governed the state on behalf of her young son, Shepses-ka-ef. This was an interesting period, with a lasting impact on royal power... Date c. 2500 - 2490 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Menkaure and the Egyptian Economy. Around 2520 BCE, King Khaf-Re died and his son Men-Kau-Re took power. Menkaure ("The Spirit of Re Endures") oversaw a more modest phase of pyramid building. His monument at Giza was the smallest pyramid yet. Were all of these pyramids straining the economy? We investigate a social structure very different from our own... Date c.2520 - 2500 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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The Great Sphinx (and others). After Khufu died, the throne passed to Djed-ef-Ra, and then to Khaf-Re ("He Appears Like Re"). The latter king would be famous, for in his time the monument we call the Great Sphinx came into existence... Date c.2550 - 2520 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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Magic and Prophecy. In this mini episode, we recount stories that the Egyptians told. Stories set in the reign of Khufu and his father Sneferu. Date c.2620 - 2550 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Khufu and the Great Pyramid. Around 2580 BCE, King Khnum-Khufu ("Khnum Protects Me") came to power. His reign lasted more than 25 years, and over this quarter century, Egyptians would build the largest pyramid in history... Date c. 2580 - 2550 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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The Wonders of Sneferu. At the beginning of Egypt's "Fourth Dynasty," King Sneferu started a golden age of pyramid-building. Over many years, the King's architects and labourers designed three magnificent monuments, eventually culminating in the first "true" pyramid. Date c.2620 - 2580 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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The First Pyramid. At the dawn of Egypt's "Third Dynasty," King Netjery-Khet Djoser is a famous name. He commissioned a splendid monument, that would rise over decades to become the Step Pyramid of Saqqara. Along the way, his high official Im-Hotep revolutionised the design of royal tombs... Date c. 2700 - 2650 BCE www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Atum Creates the Universe. The stories of how ancient Egypt (and the world) came into existence are beautiful. In this episode, we explore three Creation myths: the tale of Atum and the primeval Ocean; the tale of Ptah and the divine word; and the story of the Ogdoad, the Council of Eight Gods. Each tale gives its own spin on the origins of life, the universe, and everything... Date c.4.5 billion years ago - 10,000 BCE https://egyptianhistorypodcast.com/episodes/, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow the show on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com

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The Gods at War. Around 2850 BCE, Egypt's "Second Dynasty" began. This was an unstable period, with devastating climate change causing economic pressure and maybe civil war. This shadowy period might have inspired a great myth, a story of two gods battling for the throne (and heart) of Egypt's kingdom. In this story the great gods Horus and Seth went head to head... Date c.2850 - 2700 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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Forming the Kingdom. The earliest rulers of Egypt are a curious bunch. Mighty rulers like Aha (possibly the first "true" King of Egypt) and Mer-Neith (the first female king) made their mark on this First Dynasty. They led wars, oversaw trade, and commissioned monuments. Along the way, they achieved historical immortality... Date c. 3000 - 2900 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Facebook www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast, Twitter www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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On the banks of the Nile. Around 3,000 BCE (approximately), centuries of social change produced a unified Kingdom of Egypt. Its first ruler was probably named Nar-mer. In this episode, we meet Narmer and explore the Nile Valley and its people... Date c.3000 BCE, www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com, Support the Show at www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast, Follow us on social media www.facebook.com/egyptpodcast and www.twitter.com/egyptianpodcast, Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com 

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